904 MB. STANLEY S. FLOWEH ON THE [NoV. 14, 



Eyes. Distance of eyes apart 7"5 mm. The eyes are on the side 

 of the head (looking out horizontally), and are visible from above 

 and from below. 



Spiraculum. Distance of opening of spiraculum from the eye 

 10'5 mm. The spiraculum is median, on the lower surface of the 

 body, openiug into a transparent sheath of skin directed backwards 

 and doAvnwards ; the opening being in a vertical line drawn behind 

 the body. 'The width of the opening of the spiraculum is from 

 2 to 3 mm. 



Anus. Median, opening into a dark-coloured sheath of skin 

 directed backwards and downwards, behind and nearly parallel to 

 the sheath of the spiraculum, but longer than it. The opening is 

 a longitudinal cleft. These two tubes are very prominent in the 

 live tadpole. 



Tail. The tail is of remarkable appearance, owing to its colora- 

 tion, the pigment in the crests ending abruptly, and also being 

 continued further along the outside of the crest than along the 

 part nearest the muscular portion ; consequently the tadpole when 

 seen alive in the water has apparently a trifurcated tail, a very 

 long centre point and short upper and lower one. The end of 

 the tail is prolonged to a very fine point or filament, which in life 

 is almost continuously being vibrated rapidly from side to side, 

 the end frequently curving round so as to be almost parallel with 

 the rest of the tail. The upper crest is convex and does not 

 extend on to the back. The lower crest is deeper than the upper, 

 and forms a double curve, the deeper being that behind the 

 opening of the anus. 



Mouth. The mouth is 3-5 to 4 mm. in width. 



The mouth is situated at the extremity of the head, and not on 

 the lower surface; the lower lip projects beyond the upper : this is 

 particularly so in young specimens, where the mouth appears to 

 be on the upper surface of the head. These young tadpoles frequent 

 the surface of the water, and their mouths are constantly expanding 

 and contracting (which words seem to imply the motion better 

 than " opening and shutting "). 



There are no papillae round the lips, labial teeth or horny beak, 

 but the mouth consists of simple upper and lower lips, the latter 

 with a very deep notch in the centre which expands when the 

 mouth is open. 



Colour (in life). These tadpoles are very transparent and the 

 amount of colouring varies in individuals. The upper surfaces 

 and sides of the hinder parts of the body are generally yellowish 

 brown, mottled along the vertebral line with very dark brown. 

 The lower surfaces and sides of the head are colourless or a pale 

 dirty buff. The muscular portion of the tail is pale yellowish 

 brown, getting darker towards the point. The crests are buflf 

 mottled with yellowish brown, along both edges are irregular dark 

 brown marks ; the brown mottling gets more continuous and 

 darker towards the point of the tail till it ends abruptly, as 

 described above. Iris bright yellow. 



