972 DR. A. G. BU'J'LER OS BUTTERFLIES [jS^OV. 28, 



reduced to less than half its width. The female differs in the same 

 way, but retains its vivid orange colouring. Expanse of wings, 

 (^ 56-60 millim., $ 54 millim. 



J c?, ? , Tana Eiver, 3800 feet, 4th & 16th January, 1899. 



Of the male Mr. Crawshay writes — " Plentiful on a bush with 

 a red flower, where I could have taken any number in season ; but 

 nowhere else have I seen this insect." This is probably the 

 Eastern representative of P. pigea. [An allied species of Pina- 

 copteryx common in the same country, but hitherto identified with 

 P. orbona, is described below ^] 



52. PiNACOPTERTX SPILLERI Staud. 



S J , Tana Eiver, 3800 feet, 4th & 16th January, 1899. 



In Staudingers figure the under surface of the secondaries is 

 represented as unspotted ; this is the case with the single 

 example taken on the 4th January ; all the others have a series 

 of grey spots across the disk ; the tint of these wings below 

 varies from sulphur- to butter-yellow. 



From Mr. Crawshay's note it appears that this was taken in 

 company with P. astarte on the same red-flowered bush on the 

 river's bank whilst he waited for his men to find a crossing to the 

 other side. 



53. PiNACOPTERYX GERDA Grose-Smith & Kirby. 



Intermediate phase. — 5 (shattered), Muthambi Eiver, 4500 feet, 

 Ndya, 10th January ; c? (perfect), Tana Eiver, 16th January, 1899. 



Dry phase. — (S (shattered), Muthambi Eiver, 6th January ; 

 2 (perfect), 11th January, 1899. 



Of the first female Mr. Crawshay writes — " Oblong ova, of a 

 greenish-yellow colour " ; of the second one — " A perfect specimen 

 at last ! The first I saw oE this species was on the wet mud of 

 the Tana Eiver, where — when waiting for my net — it was devoured 

 by a dragonfly ; the second and third which I took are both rags. 

 Greenish-white spike-shaped eggs." 



Professor Aurivillius questions the distinctness of this species 

 from P. simana, and suggests that the latter may be a seasonal 



1 PiNACOPTERYx VIDUA, sp. h. (Plate LXX. figs. 8, 9.) 



Allied to P. orhona, which it represents in Eastern and Northern Africa : it 

 has well-defined seasonal phases, the wet phase being most like P. orbojia ; the 

 male, however, has a narrower marginal border to the primaries ; the apex of 

 these wings and the secondaries creamy on the under surface, instead of white : 

 the female shows far less grey basal shading, not filling the discoidal cell ; the 

 discal spots are wanting from the secondaries, and the orange from the under 

 surface of the primaries (which is charactei-istic of P. lariona, the female 

 of P. orhona in my opinion, not of Belenois thysa). Expanse of wings, (J 45- 

 46 millim., 5 46-50 millim. 



S S, White Nile, Eoda (Emin). and British East Africa {Gregory/); $ J, 

 Wasin, and British East Africa {Gregory). 



Formerly I referred this species to P. ortygna {cf. P. Z, S. 1888, p. 76), see 

 Aurivillius, Ehop. ^thiop. p. 411. It is certainly not P. gercla,, which is more 

 nearly related to P. simana. 



