152 NELSON AND STAND EN : HYALlNiA PURA. 



Dr. Turton in his ' Manual of the Land and Freshwater 

 Shells of the British Islands,' 1831, describes the shells as being 

 'glossy, of a pale horny crystalline transparency,' and makes no 

 mention of any variety. 



We now come to what we consider the best manual that 

 has yet been written on our land and freshwater shells, viz. : 

 'Turton's Manual,' revised and enlarged by J. E. Gray, 1840. 

 The type is described as ' rather shining transparent white,' but 

 he also says ' Var. shell pale-horn colour'; and under this he 

 puts Helix nitidosa Fer. (Tab. Moll.) — not synonyvia. 



Macgillivray, in ' Molluscous Animals of the Counties of 

 Aberdeen, Kincardine, and Banff,' 1843, describes the shell as 

 ' transparent, moderately glossed, greenish white.' No variety 

 given. 



In Forbes and Hanley's ' History of British Mollusca and 

 their Shells,' vol. 4, 1853, the shell is described as 'white, or 

 occasionally very pale-horn colour.' No variety mentioned. 



Moquin Tandon, in his ' Hist. Nat. des Mollusques,' 1855, 

 describes the shell as 'un peu brillante, blanchatre, ambree, ou 

 roussatre, tirant quelquefois sur le verdatre,' and gives var. 

 viridida Menke ('Coquille un peu plus pale, legerement ver- 

 datre'), and Helix nitidosa Fer. ( ' sans characteres ' ). 



J. G. Jeffreys, in 'British Conchology,' 1S62, describes the 

 shell as ' semi-transparent, light-horn colour, with a yellowish or 

 reddish tinge on the upper side.' Var. margaritacea — ' shell 

 pearl-white and nearly transparent.' 



Ralph Tate, in ' The Land and Freshwater Mollusks of 

 Great Britain,' 1866, says 'Colour white, rarely very pale amber,' 

 and does not give a variety. 



Rimmer, in his ' Land and Freshwater Shells of the British 

 Isles,' 1880, quotes from 'British Conchology,' verbatim. 



In Kobelt's 'Catalog,' 1881, two varieties o'i H. pura are 

 given, viz., var. viridula Menke, and var. lenticularis Held — of 

 the latter we are unable to give description. 



J.C. , vii., Jan. iSgj. 



