38 BULLETIN UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. [Yol.Vi. 



ralization and great abundance of 31esemhrianthemum on the coast of 

 California is somewhat wonderful. 



Umbellifee,^. — This great order of over 150 genera is not notably 

 large in ISTorth America. The number of genera in the Atlantic and the 

 Pacific floras is about the same, but the species of the latter are much 

 more numerous, and the interior region is equally well supplied. The 

 largest western genera are Gymopterus and Peucedanum^ the former 

 peculiar to the region. Phellopterus, a plant of the northern Pacific sea- 

 coast, is also on the coast of Japan. Angelica Gmelini is common to the 

 two, also to the mountains and the s,ea-shore of ISTorthern New England. 

 Gryptotcenia of the Atlantic flora is identically the same in Japan. Os- 

 morrliiza consists of two Atlantic species, two Eocky Mountain and Pa- 

 cific, and one of Japan, all closely related. Grantzia lineata, a little 

 plant of the Atlantic States seaboard, occurs on the border of Mexico 

 and in South America, and again on the seaboard of Chili and Patago- 

 nia, on the Falkland Islands, and even in New Zealand and Australia. 



Araliace^. — Are few in North America, but interesting for distribu- 

 tion. Apparently there are none at all in the whole Eocky Mountain re- 

 gion, except one in Southern New Mexico. There are only two in the 

 Pacific flora ; one of them is A^ery close to the Atlantic Aralia racemosa 

 and is Califoruian ; the other, Fatsla Jiorrida, forms an undergrowth in the 

 Coniferous woods of the coast farther north, and is also in the northern 

 part of Japan. The Atlantic flora contains Aralia spinosa, the A. race- 

 mosa already mentioned, A. Mspida, A. qimiquefolia, the American Gin- 

 seng, and A. trifolia. Nearly all of these have close representatives in 

 the Northeastern Asian (and Himalayan) region and not elsewhere. 



CoRNACE JE. — Are of equally interesting distribution. Of the ordinary 

 Cornels, four Pacific species are thought to be distinct from the seven 

 of the Atlantic flora, although the characters are not very well made 

 out, and they meet more or less in the Eocky Mountains. Then, Cali- 

 fornia only has a species [G. sessilis), of the European and Japanese G. 

 mas type. G. Jlorida of the Atlantic flora has a more showy represent- 

 ative in G. JSfuttallii of the Pacific forest, and less close relatives in East- 

 ern Asia. The herbaceous G. Ganadensis crosses the continent at the 

 north, and in Japan meets the allied G. Succica. Nyssa, of the Atlantic 

 flora, has congeners in the mountains of Asia, while Garrya of the Pacific 

 flora has them in the Texano-Mexican region and the West Indies. 



Caprifoliace^. — Of the amphigaean genera there is little to remark^ 

 except the considerable development of Viburnum in the Atlantic flora 

 in species strictly cognate if not sometimes identical with those of Japan j 

 their absence from the Eocky Mountains, except well northward, where 

 two cross to the northwest coast ; and the occurrence on the Pacific side of 

 only one endemic species. Symphoricarpus, a wholly American genus, 

 has one or two species common to all three floras, one or two peculiar to 

 each, in the central region a peculiar Mexican type. Triosteum is con- 

 fined to the Atlantic flora and to Northeastern Asia, with the Himalaya. 



