No. 2.J HOFFMAN ON THE. BIRDS OF NEVADA. 235 



jave about the end of February, but all of tbeni seem to have left the 

 valley by the end of March." 



TYRANNIDiE. 



Tyrannus caroUnensis (Linn.) Temm. — Kingbird; Bee Martin. 



Not common. One specimen only, supposed to be this species, was 

 seen in camp in the southern extremity of Smoky Valley. Mr. Eidgway 

 says of it: " In the rich valley of the Trnckee River, in western iSTevada, 

 two or more pairs of this familiar eastern bird had their abode among 

 the large cottonwood trees near our camp ; in fact this species seemed 

 to be no more rare in that locality than the T. verticalis, which, however, 

 was itself far from common. On the eastern border of the Great Basin 

 it was more abundant, being quite as numerous in the Salt Lake Valley 

 as the T. verticaUs,hoth frequently nesting in the same grove." 



Tyrannus verticalis Say. — Western Kingbird. 



Eather more common than T. caroUnensis, and noticed in various re- 

 gions presenting more fertility than is ordinarily observed in an ex- 

 tended tour through the State. Was found breeding in June south of 

 the Central Pacific Railroad, in the valleys between Austin, Hot Spring 

 CaQon, and Belmont, in the cottonwood groves. 



Myiarchus cinerascens Lawr. — Ash-throated Flycatcher. 



"A few were observed among the cottonwoods of the Lower Truckee 

 in July and August, and it was also a not infrequent summer resident 

 in the caiions of the Ruby Mountains, where it was most often observed 

 perched upon a gnarled cedar or mountain mahogany overhanging the 

 top of a rocky gorge or high cliff." — [Eidgioay.) Dr. Cooper found one 

 specimen at Fort Mojave as early as January 15, and thinks a few may 

 habitually winter in the Colorado Valley. Several specimens were 

 found in the river bottom 11 miles north of the post, but they appeared 

 nowhere as common. 



Sayornis sayi (Bonap.) Baird. — Say's Pewee. 



" Throughout the country eastward of the Sierra Nevada this inter- 

 esting bird was found in all suitable places, though it was not abundant 

 anywhere, since it was seldom that more than one pair inhabited a re- 

 stricted locality." — (Bidgicay.) Mr. Henshaw obtained a single specimen 

 in September, but thinks it is common during the summer. The species 

 is distributed over the northern portion of America, and, according to 

 Richardson, as far as latitude 60°. Dr. Cooper considers it a mere win- 

 ter visitor in the southern and western portions of California, where he 

 saw none after March. 



Contopus borealis (Swains.) Baird. — Olive-sided Flycatcher. 



This species has been found a common summer resident, but its dis- 

 tribution is confined to the more elevated coniferous regions, its south- 



