A 



S C I E N 



A WEEKLY NEWSPAPER OF ALL THE ARTS AND SCIENCES. 



PUBLISHED BY N. D. C. HODGES, 874 BROADWAY, NEW YOEK. 



Tenth Yeak. 

 Vol. XIX. No. 484. 



MAY 13, 1892. 



Single Copies, Ten Cents. 

 3.50 Per Year, in Advance. 



Contents. 



The New Chemical Laboratory op the 

 Case School of Applied Science. 

 Charles F. Mabery 267 



The Status of Experimental Agri- 



cuLTtTRE. H. L. Bolley 370 



Notes and News 371 



The Possibilitt of a Eealization of 



Four-fold Space. T. Proctor Ball. 273 



The Tuskaloosa Formation. E. A. S. . 374 



Astronomical Notes. Edited by George 



A. Bill 375 



Is it Dangerous to Spray Fruit-Trees 

 with Solutions of Poisonous Sub- 

 stances IN order to Prevent 

 Depredations from Destructive 

 Insects .' 375 



Letters to the Editor. 



The Ancestry of Chalicotherium. 



Benry F. Osborn 276 



Detection of Artificial Gems. George 



F. Kunz 276 



Artificial Production of Variation 



of Types. C. O. Whitman 377 



The " Hongote " Language. D. G. 

 Brinton 277 



Among the Publishers 277 



Entered at the Post-Offlce of New York, N.Y., as 

 Second-Class Mail Matter. 



THE 



rican Eel Te 



COMPANY. 

 98 MILK ST., BOSTON, MASS, 



This Company owns the Letters 

 Patent granted to Alexander Gra- 

 ham Bell, March 7th, 1876, No. 

 174,465, and January 30, 1877, 

 No. 186,787. * 



The Transmission of Speech by 

 all known forms of ELECTRIC 

 SPEAKING TELEPHONES in- 

 fringes the right secured to this 

 Company by the above patents, and 

 renders each individual user of tel- 

 ephones, not furnished by it or its 

 licensees, responsible for such un- 

 lawful use, and all the conse- 

 quences thereof and liable to suit 

 therefor. 



New Method of Protecting Property 

 from Lightning. 



The Lightning Dispeller. 



Price, $20 to $30.— According to size. 



The Patent Lightning Dispeller is a conduc- 

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 upon which its capacity for causing damage 

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No recorded case of lightning stroke has 

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Correspondence solicited. 



AGENTS WANTED. 



The American Lightning Protection Company : 



United Bank Building, Sioux City, Iowa. 



Speech Reading and Articnlation 

 Teaching. 



By A, MELVILLE BELL. 



Price, 25 Cents. 



Practical Instructions in the Art of Reading 

 Speech from the Mouth ; and in the Art of 

 Teaching- Articulation to the Deaf. 

 [This Work — written at tlie suggestion of Miss 

 Sarah Fuller, Principal of the Horace Mann School 

 for the Deaf, Boston, Mass. — is, so far as known, the 

 first Treatise published on "Speech Reading. ""J 

 Fro7ti Principals of Institutions fortheDeaf. 

 " Admirable in its conciseness, clearness and free 

 dom from technicality.*" 

 " The simplicity and perfection of this little book. 



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 of great importance for the student of phonetics." 

 — Modern Language Notes. 



%* The above work may be obtained, by 

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 on receipt of price, from 



SCIENCE CLUBBING RATES. 



lOj^ DISCOUNT. 



We will allow the above discount to any 

 subscriber to Science who will send us an 

 order for periodicals exceeding $10, counting 

 -.each at its full price. 



N. D. C, HODGES, 874 Broadway, N. Y. 



INSECTS AND INSECTICIDES. 



A PRACTICAL MANUAL, 



Concerning Noxious Insects and the Methods 

 of Preventing their Injuries. 



By CLARENCE M. WEED, 



Professor of Entomology and Zoology, New 

 Hampshire State College. 



WHAT IS SAID ABOUT IT. 



"I think that you have gotten together a very 

 useful and valuable little book,"— Dr. C. V. Riley, 

 U. S. Entomologist, Washington, D. C. 



"It is excellent." — James Fletcher, Dominion En- 

 tomologist, Ottawa, Canada. 



"I am well pleased with it."— Dr. P. M. Hesamer, 

 Editor American Agriculturist, New York. 



"It seems to me a good selection of the matter 

 which every farmer and fruit grower ought to have 

 at his immediate command."— Prof. S. A. Forbes, 

 State Entomologist of Illinois, Champaign, 111. 



"A good book, and it is needed."— Prof. L. H. 

 Bailey, Cornell University. 



"It is one of the best books of the kind 1 have 

 ever seen."— J. Freemont Hickman, Agriculturist, 

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"I shall gladly recommend it."— Prof. A. J. Cook, 

 Michigan Agricultural College. 



Price, $1.25. 



Sent postpaid to any address on receipt of price. 



N. D. C. HODGES, 874 Broadway, New York. 



THE RADIOMETER. 



By DANIEL S. TROY. 

 This contains a discussion of the reasons 

 for their action and of the phenomena pre- 

 sented in Crookes' tubes. 



Price, postpaid, SO cents. 

 N. D. C. HODGES, 874 Broadway, N. Y. 



QUARTERLY. 



THE INTERNATIONAL 



JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY AND 

 NATURAL SCIENCE. 



THE JOURNAL OF THE 



Postal Microscopical Society. 



Edited by ALFRED ALLEN. 

 $1 .75 Per Year. 



To Science subscribers, $1.00 for one year. 



N. D. C. HODGES, 874 Broadway, N. Y. 



328 MiCKLE St.. Camden, N. J. i 

 August 22nd, 1889. S 



The pictures have come, and the 6 large seated and 

 body 9^ please me perfectly— as well as any I ever sat 

 for (& that's saying a good deal, for I have sat to all 

 the doas in New York- and in all the cities too from 

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 not 6 as you sent. 



Please print Tne'six more, same style, on the large plain 

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Walt Whitman. 



To F. Gutekunst, Photographer, 



713 Arch St., Phila. 



Fine Pictures 



at Moderate Prices. 



HIGH-CLASS 



Etchings, Engravings, and Water Colors. 



FEEDERICK KEPPEL & CO., Paris, and 



20 E. 16th St., bet. Union Square & Fifth Ave. 



AUTHORS AND PUBLISHERS. 



Material arranged and compiled for all kinds of 

 works, excepting Action. Statistics a specialty. 

 Indexing and cataloguing. Address 6. E. BIVEB, 

 835 N. 16th Street, Philadelphia. 



