July 4, 1890.] 



SCIENCE. 



'3 



through its streets, houses, public buildings, and churches, to the 

 comtnenceuient exercises of its college, to the founding of its 

 Chamber of Commerce, to the king's legislative halls in Wall 

 Street (with the governor. Sir Henry Moore, presiding), to the 

 chamber of the City Corporation, and to the court-rooms, with 

 descriptions of the men who figured in those places; while the 

 newspapers, social affairs, amusements, shows, and quaint dress 

 of the people are all depicted. Following this, Roy Singleton 

 writes briefly of "Sir William Blackstone and his Work," the first 

 volumes of which were already possessed by the principal lawyers 

 of New York. "The Indian College at Cambridge,'' by Andrew 

 McFarlane Davis, follows, with information on a subject little 

 inown ; ' 'Burgoyne's Defeat and Surrender, an Inquiry from an 

 English Standpoint," by Percy Cross Standish, is interesting; "A 

 Curious and Important Discovery in Indiana," by Ex-Lieut.-Gov. 

 Robertson, gives a view of the links connecting the days of chiv- 

 alry in France with those of adventure among the savage tribes of 

 America: and then comes "President Lincoln's Humor," by David 

 R. Locke. One of the most important papers in the number, 

 however, is by the Boston divine, Rev. Samuel E. Herrick, D.D., 

 entitled "Our Relation to the Past a Debt to the Future," which, 

 although addressed to the people of Southampton, Long Island, 

 may be taken home and appropriated by every community in the 

 land. 



— The number of the American Journal of Psychology just 

 published (vol. iii. No. 2) contains the first chapter of the "History 

 of Reflex Action," by Dr. C. F. Hodge, the introduction to which 

 by Dr. G. Stanley Hall appeared in the last number. This im- 

 portant branch of both physiology and psychology is without an 

 adequate historical treatment in English; and Eckhard's German 

 treatise, published nine years ago, presents the subject almost 

 exclusively from the standpoint of the physiologist. This chap- 



ter brings the record down from Descartes into the present cen- 

 tury, summarizing the contributions of Willis, Astruc of Mont- 

 pelier. Whytt, Haller, Unzer, Prochaska, and Legallois. The his- 

 tory will be continued in succeeding numbers of the journal. 

 Mr. E. A. Kirkpatrick contributes a paper of "Observations on 

 College Seniors and Electives in Psychological Subjects," based 

 upon statistics collected for Dr. Hall a few years ago by the pro- 

 fessors of philosophy in several Eastern and two Western colleges. 

 Questions were asked on the following heads: reason for electing 

 such subjects, advantage already gained from such studies, au- 

 thors found most impressive, most interesting subject treated in 

 the course. While not admitting exact statistical treatment, the 

 answers "form a composite portrait of the positions held, and the 

 educational value of these studies from the student standpoint, of 

 significance for teachers of these subjects. They have not only 

 educational but anthropological significance, and reflect many 

 sides and phases of mental evolution or psychogenesis which an 

 ordinary examination-paper does not touch." Dr. E. C. Sanford 

 describes "A Simple and Inexpensive Chronoscope," depending on 

 the pi'inciple of the vernier, adapted from Kaiser. With the 

 home-made instrument described, measurements were made to a 

 hundredth of a second. It is, however, in reviews of "Psycho- 

 logical Literature" and "Notes," to which more than a hundred 

 pages of fine print are devoted, that this number excels. Besides 

 the usual section on the "Nervous System" (by Dr. H. H. Donald- 

 son), on "Experimental Psychology," and on "Psychiatry" (by 

 Dr. William Noyes), Dr. Arthur MacDonald presents a second 

 instalment of reviews on the psychology of criminals, and Pro- 

 fessor Julius Nelson continues his biological-psychological study 

 of the literature of heredity and sex. A number of pages are also 

 given to reports from colleges East and West, where the "new 

 pyschology" is taught, showing the work of the past year and the 

 prospects for the future. 



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