1862.] DR. T. S. COBBOLD ON HUMAN ENTOZOA. 299 



I have also myself noticed in connexion with two cases where nearly 

 all the voluntary muscles of the human body were crowded with 

 Trichinae. (4.) In a few days after the ingestion of fresh-encysted 

 TrichincB, the worms acquire sexual distinction and maturity ; the 

 ova and young are in a few more days equally rapidly developed, 

 and the latter soon escape from the parent, ^e;* vaginam, to commence 

 active migrations on their own account ; this they do by penetrating 

 the walls of the intestine of the host, from whence they pass quickly 

 to the voluntary muscles, where they eventually become encysted. 

 According to Virchow's conclusive testimony, all these phenomena 

 occur within the space of a single month ; and, in his experiments, 

 even as early as three weeks after ingestion the young were found 

 to equal in size those that he administered at the commencement. 

 The genesis and migrations of Trichina are therefore astonishingly 

 rapid, and probably without parallel in this class of parasites. 

 ('Comptes Rendus,' for July 1860, p. 13; also in * Annales des 

 Sciences Naturelles,' series 4, vol. xiii. p. 109.) The organization 

 of Trichina in the encysted condition has been accurately given by 

 Owen, Luschka, BischofP, Valentin, Sanders and Kirk, &c., its 

 adult and embryonic structure being also beautifully illustrated by 

 Leuckart (' Untersuchungen iiber Trichina spiralis,' 1861 ; and in 

 the • Gottinger Nachrichten' for April 30, 1860, p. 135). 



14. FiLARiA MEDiNENSis, Gmclin. 



F. medinensis, Gmelin, Olfers, Rudolphi, Jacobson, Lamarck, 

 Gescheidt, Chiaje, Richeraud, Chapotin, Williamson, Scott, Adam, 

 Kennedy and Smyttan, Young and Jamieson, Cuvier, Weihe, Oppen- 

 heim, Charvet, Marc and Laennec, Leblond, Wagner, Clark, Blott, 

 Eschricht, Oken, Siebold, Dujardin, Dutschek, Creplin, Fischer, 

 Heath, Brulatour, Maisonneuve, Diesing, Carter, Busk, Cobbold, 

 Cezilly, Robin, Thibaut and Benoit, Moquin-Tandon, Weinland, &c. 



F. dracunculus, Bremser, Clelland, Pruner. 



Furia medinensis, Modeer. 



Gordius medinensis, Linnseus, Bruguiere. 



Vermis medinensis, Grundler. 



Dracunculus, Lister, Gallandatus. 



D. persarum, Kampfer. 



This species is well known to our medical brethren in India and 

 the East ; and probably no parasite has had so much written about it 

 as the Guineaworm. Among modern investigators nothing can 

 equal the patience and perseverance of Mr. Carter, F.R.S., of Bom- 

 bay, who, month after month, for many years past, has been devo- 

 ting his energies towards the elucidation of the habits, economy, and 

 development of the Bracunculus. The structure of the adult female 

 is well known ; but it is still extremely doubtful if the male has ever 

 been seen. Prof. Owen believed himself to have found the male, and 

 he accordingly described it ; but Mr. Busk's subsequent observations, 

 as well as the experiences of those who, from their position, have be- 

 come familiar with Bracunculus, alike go to prove that we are still 



