82 DR. A. E, BROWN ON THE | Jan. 12, 
and myself, having in view the possible control of this disease. 
Tt was known that many of the monkeys coming to the Gardens 
from the hands of dealers were already infected, and that even in 
advanced stages they are often of healthy appearance and seldom 
give reliable external indications of the disease. 
The old stock of monkeys had been undergoing a period of 
acute infection, and without exception they were removed from 
the Monkey House and for the most part used for experimental 
purposes, the building itself being thoroughly cleaned and dis- 
infected with formaldehyde vapour. Since then every monkey 
reaching the Gardens has been placed in a quarantine room, and 
only those that successfully passed the test of sub-cutaneous 
injection of tuberculin have been sent to the Monkey House for 
exhibition. The use of tuberculin has thus been solely for a 
diagnostic purpose. 
Many difficulties were encountered in the early stages of the 
work, mainly due to the irregularities of temperature in monkeys, 
and to our initial ignorance of what should be regarded as normal 
in healthy animals, as well as of the kinds of reaction to be 
expected in tuberculous cases. 
These obstacles were for the most part overcome through 
careful study of the conditions shown on autopsy in a large 
number of animals, in connection with the corresponding tempera- 
ture charts, and it is now felt that the method and the results 
have reached a large measure of certainty. 
The individual variations in temperature are marked, and it is 
frequently necessary to take a record (rectal in all cases) daily for 
several weeks before it settles down to approximate regularity, 
which in our experience is about 101° or 102° Fahr. in the mid- 
afternoon. This is slightly higher than the 38° Cent. (100-4° F.) 
assumed as a normal by Simpson and Galbraith*, but it is 
probable that the difference may be accounted for by the fact 
noted by us and also shown by those authors, that excitement and 
muscular effort definitely raises temperature in these animals 7. 
The monkeys used in their observations were handled for a much 
longer period than ours, and they were able to select those that 
became relatively indifferent to the usage and restraint involved. 
Although we have accepted the above standard as normal, cases 
have occurred where monkeys have shown temperatures never 
below 104° at the daily maximum, and are still living and to all 
appearance in good health. 
An important fact was early determined by a sequence of 
* Trans. Royal Soc. of Edinburgh, xlv. pt. 1, p. 98 (1906). 
+ An interesting instance is afforded by a lot of five monkeys subjected to the 
test a few weeks ago. Temperatures were taken daily for two weeks before injection 
and all van with unusual regularity. On September 25th, near the end of the period, 
each chart showed a sharp elevation of from “4° to 12° F. It was found upon 
inquiry that the attendant who usually took the temperatures was absent on that 
day, and the duty fell to another man who had experience in the work but was less 
gentle in handling the animals, and who, moreover, was quite unknown to this 
particular lot. 
