184 MR. F. E. BEDDARD ON THE [Feb. 16, 
and even greater than those which have been used in a few 
cases. The internal difference only confirms the value of these 
characters. 
The spirals described in the foregoing paragraphs are com- 
mitted—so to speak—to one of the two series of right-handed 
spirals. There is no common basal form from which might arise 
either type of spiral. Whether such exists among the Artio- 
dactyla remains to be seen. It is important to notice that this 
does not occur in the case of the simplest spiral known in that 
nN 
Text-fig. 14. 
Cxeum, colic helicine, and adjacent parts of the gut of Tragulus stanleyanus. 
a. Front edge of caeco-duodenal ligament. C. Caecum. col. End of colon 
or beginning of rectum. AH. Colic helicine. O. Omentum. 
subdivision of the Ungulata, viz., that of the Chevrotains. It does 
not thus seem likely that such a spiral will be found in any genus 
which has not been up to the present examined. There is no 
doubt, for instance, that the Pig tribe does not help us in this 
matter in the least. For in most of them at any rate, and 
probably in all, the colic spiral is very complex and specialised, 
and offers no hints of the primitive condition. This applies to 
the Peccary as well as to the more specialised pigs. Nor do the 
