364 DR. A. E, SHIPLEY ON INTERNAL PARASITES — [| Mar. 16, 
I. Lacorpus mutus Leach, or L. auprnus. The Ptarmigan. 
The Ptarmigan contains Heterakis (Ascaris) compar (Schrank), 
Heterakis papillosa (Bioch), and Heterakis borealis (v. Linstow), 
amongst the Nematodes, and Tenia echinatw amongst the 
Cestodes. 
NEMATODA. 
(i) Heterakis compar (Schrank).* 
Synonyms. Ascaris compar Schrank 1790. 
Ascaris lagopodis Frohlich 1802. 
Fusaria compar Zeder 1803. 
Heterakis compar Stossich 1888. 
A thin, white Nematode, the females of which attain a length 
of 84-96 mm., and the males a length of 36-48 mm., found 
in small intestine of the Ptarmigan, the Capercaillie, and other 
gallinaceous birds. 
(ii) Heterakis papillosa (Bloch). 
Synonyms. Ascaris papillosa Bloch 1872, nec Molin 1860. 
Ascaris vesicularis Frohlich 1791 pro parte. 
Heterakis vesicularis Duj. 1845. 
Heterakis papillosa Railliet 1885. 
The male measures 7-13 mm., the female 10-15 mm. <A very 
common parasite of the ceca of the alimentary canal. Some- 
times it exists in prodigious numbers, causing a fatal perityphlitis 
amongst chickens. 
This parasite is common in domestic fowls, ducks, geese, turkeys, 
peacocks, guinea-fowls, pheasants, etc., and occurs in the 
Ptarmigan, the Capereaillie, and the Hazel-hen (Lonasia sylvestris). 
The eggs of H. papillosa complete their development in water. 
(iii) Heterakis borealis (v. Linstow). 
Very little is known about this nematode, which was described 
in 1884 by von Linstow in the ‘Archiv fiir Naturgeschichte,’ 
Nee Tos Laalle 
CESTOD A. 
(i) Tenia echinata (Olss.).7 
Il. Lacorus ausus, or L. SUBALPINUS, or L, sALicETI. The 
Willow-grouse. I can find no record of any parasites being 
recorded from the Willow-grouse. 
* Where possible the nomenclature follows that of Railliet in his “ Zoologie 
Médicale et Agricole.” 
+ Olsson, “ Bidrag til Skandinav. Helminthfauna,” ii., Stockholm, 1893. 
