WJio Made the Ancient CopiJer Implements? 105 



of adults and the third proved to be that of a child. The 

 adult graves were situated ten feet apart and sixteen inches 

 below the surface from above. 



On carefully digging we found in each several copper im- 

 plements, nearly all of which were badly oxidized, while some 

 articles had nearly disappeared. There was a succession of 

 small rounded articles which we took to be copper beads. 

 There were several small cylindrical articles of copper which 

 were three to four inches in length. 



In each of these three graves were remnants of pottery.. 

 In one of these pots there was a yellow paint that I could 

 not determine. In the second adult grave was a red paint 

 that proved to be vermilion. In connection with the child's 

 grav^e I found two blue cut glass beads. The balance no. 

 doubt were appropriated by the river. In each adult grave 

 there were the leg bones of a deer. The dead were supplied 

 with venison while they lingered on the road to the blessed 

 hunting grounds. A copper lance head was found by George 

 West in Raymond, the description of which is given in West's 

 letter in " On the Mounds." , 



There were also two pieces of copper, one of which had 

 never been float-copper, but had been mined, as all the deep 

 angles and ridges were sharp and not in the least rounded. 

 The other specimen had been pounded out and a portion 

 cut off had spec]is of silver associated with the copper. 



Prof. Butler exhibited to me a spear head which had been 

 plowed up by Sanford Marsh, in Waukesha county. The hole 

 was filled with what appeared to be iron rust; on scraping 

 he found a small fragment of the rivet. On applying the 

 magnet it proved to be iron. 



There can be no doubt that this spear head was manu- 

 factured after the Indians traded with the whites. (Since 

 this was written Prof. Butler has published a description of 

 this article in the Americcui Antiquarian.) 



F. S. Perkins, of Burlington, has collected nearly 400 cop- 

 per implements, not counting beads, and not one single speci- 

 men was taken from a mound. Nearly all were plowed up 

 or picked up from the surface. Mr. Perkins sold his origi- 

 nal collection, consisting of 143 copper implements, to the 



