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SC-IENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XX. No. 502. 



this most pressing need? In no way can a 

 man leave a more appropriate and perma- 

 nent monument for himself than by build- 

 ing a hall of residence, a commons or a 

 union. The state of Wisconsin is a safer 

 trustee than any individual or corporation. 

 The man who attaches his name to a hall, a 

 commons or a union will tix that name as 

 one to be loved in the minds of the unnum- 

 bered sons of the state that during the cen- 

 turies to come will flock to the University 

 of Wisconsin to obtain intellectual training, 

 to develop high ideals, and more than all, 

 to gain sterling, vigorous, self-sufficient, ad- 

 jiTstable manliood. May I not hope that 

 before the end of this jubilee year the 

 money will be forthcoming to provide for 

 these needs, so that the necessarily very 

 large demands upon the state may be re- 

 stricted to supplying additional buildings, 

 equipment and instructional force made 

 imperative by the extraordinary increase 

 in number of students at the university ? 



We have now very briefly sketched the 

 effect of one of the influences of the English 

 upon the American university, but there re- 

 main other influences to be considered. The 

 original American college was essentially a 

 coimterpart of the English college; indeed, 

 this was true well into the nineteenth cen- 

 tury. But, in the second half of that cen- 

 tiiry, important American modifications 

 appeared to better adapt the college to our 

 needs. Perhaps the most important of 

 these was the development of pure science 

 and its assimilation by the college of liberal 

 arts. This radical change met a much 

 more ready welcome in the west than in 

 the east. For a long time in the east sci- 

 ence was regarded as an intruder, and was 

 only slowly and partially admitted to full 

 fellowship with the studies of the old cur- 

 riculum. When science was finally, grudg- 

 ingly, given a place in some of the more 

 important institutions, it was made an ap- 

 pendix to the college, and in a number of 



cases a new name was attached. This is 

 illustrated by the Lawrence and Sheffield 

 Scientific Schools. In the west science did 

 not receive separate foundations, although 

 the courses in which science was the major 

 line of work were at first kept separate 

 from the old course in which the classics 

 and mathematics dominated. A new de- 

 gree was given for science, which, for many 

 years at least, was regarded as inferior to 

 the A. B. degree. To the present time in 

 some institutions of the east the distinc- 

 tion between work in science and work in 

 the old curriculum is retained; and in one 

 the organization of the college and .^the 

 scientific school are so nearly independent 

 that the college has introduced science into 

 its courses, thus duplicating much of the 

 work of the school. And in another, where 

 the separate organization of the classical 

 college and the scientific school is more or 

 less formal, different degrees are granted 

 in the college and in the school, without 

 regard to whether the subjects pursued by 

 the students receiving the different degrees 

 are the same or not. In the state uni- 

 versities where the college and school of 

 science were never made separate founda- 

 tions, and where with the great increase in 

 number of subjects, freedom of election has 

 been introduced, it has become recognized 

 either that there should be a separate de- 

 gree for every group of studies, or else one 

 degree for any group of liberal studies. 

 This latter alternative has been accepted 

 by the leading state universities, and, in 

 this respect, it is believed that- they are 

 leaders in educational progress, although 

 not pioneers, for Johns Hopkins led the 

 way. No one now doubts the right of pure 

 science to full admission to the list of sub- 

 jects which may be pursued for a liberal 

 education. Not only so, biit it is recog- 

 nized that the scientific spirit has perme- 

 ated and vivified the studies of the old col- 

 lege course. 



