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SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XX. No. 503. 



recreation in diversity of employment. 

 Earely, very rarely, do we see such subju- 

 gation of the material man to the higher 

 attributes of his being. He led an ideal, 

 normal life on a high moral and mental 

 plane; as he ignored the pleasures of the 

 flesh, so he was also superior to its discom- 

 forts, and endured its sufferings with forti- 

 tude through many years. 



His lithe and vigorous body was the 

 ready servant of his wonderfully well-co- 

 ordinated mind and imperious will, and 

 this with him meant much, for the de- 

 mands he made upon his physical endur- 

 ance were excessive. 



His comprehensive and prophetic mental 

 vision foresaw the needs of his profession, 

 and of his community, and was a guide to 

 his remarkable executive faculty. His 

 qualities all combined to make him a pio- 

 neer among thinkers, and a general among 

 organizers. It was through his semi-public 

 deeds that he was most widely known— his 

 great powers of mind found here their 

 broadest opportunities, and it is through 

 them that his memory will longest survive. 

 The impress of his individuality was marked 

 wherever his energy found outlet, and his 

 rank was always among the leaders. But 

 his memory 's richest heritance is not bound 

 with his triumphs ; it lives in the homes of 

 the thousands to whom he ministered in 

 their sufferings, and who felt that in him 

 they had a wise and loyal friend ; and 

 again, in the minds and hearts of his many 

 students, whose ideals were shaped by his 

 life and conduct. All who knew him best 

 knew the spirit of kindness that ruled his 

 heart. His private life was as unassuming 

 as his public life was aggressive. Among 

 his friends he was quiet, cordial, not vei-y 

 communicative, but spiced his conversation 

 often with a tempered genial wit. 



A brief review of his career will show 

 the richness of his life. His primitive en- 

 vironment in youth and his limited op- 



portunities in education throw his successes 

 into strong relief, and accentuate the ad- 

 vantages to a man of an active, earnest 

 mind, simple manners and upright ways. 



He was born January 9, 1817, in Che- 

 nango County, N. Y., where his father had 

 cleared ground for a farm. His first home 

 was a log cabin, and his earliest realizations 

 were the stern necessities in the struggle of 

 svibjugating the forest to man's needs. 



His first sorrow was the loss of his 

 mother when seven years of age. 



From early youth his mind was bright, 

 active and acquisitive. He attended the 

 district school in winter months and at six- 

 teen was given a year in the Cazanovia 

 seminary. In 1834 he began the study of 

 medicine under Dr. Daniel Clarke, of his 

 native county. He shortly entered the 

 College of Physicians and Surgeons of 

 New York, and graduated January 31, 

 1837. In the meanwhile he had studied in 

 the ofSce of Dr. Thomas Jackson, of Bing- 

 hamton. His graduating thesis was charac- 

 teristic of him. Although still hardly more 

 than a boy in years his selection of subject 

 indicated breadth of understanding and his 

 attitude towards existing opinion was bold 

 and well taken. The subject was 'Animal 

 Temperature,' and in it he took issue with 

 the then existing authoritative view that the 

 animal heat was developed within the lungs, 

 and supported his argmnents in refutation 

 by recorded experiments. 



In the following years he practised in 

 Vienna, N. Y., and in Binghamton. In 

 the latter town he married a daughter of 

 the Hon. John Parker — the wife who sur- 

 vives him. 



In these early years he found time, aside 

 from his professional duties, to further 

 prosecute his medical and surgical studies, 

 and to broaden his field of knowledge in the 

 allied sciences and economics. His mental 

 activity soon gained him distinction. He 

 wrote easily and freely, and several of his 



