256 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XX. No. 503. 



nate enough to be mainly occupied in the ad- 

 vancement of their subject. No reading, how- 

 ever assidvious, could possibly replace the in- 

 fluence of personal intercourse. As regarded 

 geography and education, he was delighted to 

 tell them that real progress was being made. 

 The lead originally given by the University of 

 Oxford, acting in conjunction with the Eoyal 

 Geographical Society, was being followed in 

 other universities. The University of Cam- 

 bridge was at this moment taking very active 

 steps, which he trusted would meet with great 

 success. The Universities of Liverpool and 

 Manchester were placing economic geography 

 under specialist teachers, in a favored position 

 in the curricula of their new commercial de- 

 grees, and the University of Birmingham was 

 following the lead of the University of Lon- 

 don and of the London School of Economics. 

 One thing, however, he regretted, that in the 

 curriculum recently adopted by the British 

 universities for the preparation of army candi- 

 dates military topography, in the narrower 

 sense, but not geography in the larger, had 

 found a place. In this respect they were be- 

 hind continental education. Surely, after the 

 lessons in the Boer war, it was obvious that 

 officers should above all things learn to think 

 in terms of space, and in his experience this 

 power came by the light of nature only to a 

 very small percentage even of educated men. 

 The whole basis of geography — and it was a 

 thing which at this moment required saying 

 in the light of certain tendencies in their 

 universities — the whole basis of geography was 

 physical. Historical and economic geography 

 were merely empirical and unworthy of uni- 

 versity study unless they regarded them as 

 applications of physical geography. In fact, 

 he claimed it as perhaps the happiest function 

 of the subject that it should act as a link be- 

 tween the faculties of arts and natural science, 

 which, owing to vested interests, were too 

 miuch separated. A hybrid degree in arts and 

 science mixed would in this twentieth century 

 .be one of the finest preparations for practical 

 life in the world. It was grotesque that men 

 shoiild be regarded as educated who did not 



know even the modes of scientific thought. 

 It was equally absurd that scientific students 

 should be regarded as educated if they had not 

 availed themselves of the teaching of the hu- 

 manities, which was a legacy of the past. 



UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL NEWS. 

 Soon after the opening of the fall term the 

 corner stone of the new library at Stanford 

 University will be laid. It will cost $750,000, 

 and have a capacity of 1,000,000 books. 



It is reported that Mr. Henry Phipps has 

 given $20,000 to the Johns Hopkins University 

 for the study of tuberculosis. 



The Drapers Company of London will give 

 £30,000 toward paying the debt on the land 

 and buildings of University College, London, 

 to enable the College to be incorporated in the 

 University of London. 



The St. Andrews diploma of L.L.A. — which 

 means ' lady literate in arts ' ! — has been given 

 this year on examination to 101 candidates. 

 It appears that 1,400 papers were written and 

 passes were obtained in 766 instances. The 

 distribution of subjects is rather curious. 

 Nine passed in Latin, two in Greek, two in 

 zoology, two in natural philosophy, seventy in 

 geography, twenty-eight in botany, seventy in 

 physiology, etc. 



Dr. W. H. Newbold, professor of philos- 

 ophy in the University of Pennsylvania, has 

 resigned the deanship of the graduate school. 



Dr. Prank Allen, senior instructor in 

 physics in Cornell University, has been ap- 

 pointed to a lately established professorship 

 in physics in the University of Manitoba, 

 Winnipeg, Canada. 



In the University of London, Dr. Edward 

 Westermarck, formerly lecturer on sociology 

 in the University of Pinland, has been ap- 

 pointed lecturer in sociology (in connection 

 with the Martin White benefaction) ; Mr. W. 

 Legge Symes, M.R.C.S., university demonstra- 

 tor in physiology; and Miss Beatrice Edgell, 

 M.A., Ph.D., demonstrator in experimental 

 psychology. 



