March 7, 1890.] 



SCIENCE. 



167- 



Condensation clouds are stratified clouds, cirrus, and stratus. 

 They are formed by condensation by compression at the lower 

 limit of the outer atmosphere of vapor. They are essentially 

 rain-clouds, or those from which the great rain ultimately comes. 

 They have their supply of vapor above them. 



Frank A. Velschow, C.E. 



A New Meteorite. 



At a meeting of the Rochester Academy of Science held Feb. 

 17, Mr. E. E. Howell gave an account of a new iron meteorite 

 recently added to the Ward and Howell collection. 



This meteorite was found April 30, 1888, about one and a 

 half miles north of Welland, Ontario, Canada. It was ploughed 

 up by Walter Caughell, and attracted attention by its specific 

 gravity. Before throwing the mass aside as worhthless, a 

 small piece was with much difficulty broken ofi'. This piece, 

 weighing five ounces, was kept by a Mr. Holland until Septem- 



tbe 16th of the following month, about four feet to the east of 

 where it fell. It is an aerolite weighing twelve ounces, with 

 specific gravity roughly calculated at 3.43. H. L. Preston. 



Rochester, N.Y., Feb. 28. 



INDUSTRIAL NOTES. 

 A Novel Electric Bell. 



The Jensen electric bell shown in perspective in Fig. 1, and 

 in section in Fig. 2, possesses some novel features worthy of 

 notice. It will be seen, by examination of Fig. 2, that the 

 operating mechanism and the method of making the electrical 

 connections difier materially form those in ordinary use. 

 Only one magnet is employed instead of two, and by the use of 

 extension pole-pieces at each end of the core the attractive force 

 of the magnet is exerted on a line parallel to its axis. In the 

 ordinary form^ the armature acts at right angles with the axis 

 of the magnet. This new device, owing to its compactness, is. 



FIGS. 1 AND 3.— THE JENSEN ELECTRIC BELL. 



ber last, when he gave it to a friend, who, being convinced it 

 was meteoric, forwarded it to Mr. Howell. 



After careful search, the original mass was at last redis- 

 covered in a pile of old iron. It is impossible to determine the 

 original size of the mass, as it has been so long exposed that 

 none of the outer crust nor characteristic pittings are pre- 

 served, but only the general form, which is a kidney-shaped 

 mass, with the inner edge and smaller end drawn out thin. 

 At two or three points the octahedral structure is well exposed. 

 After being freed from all loose scales, the total weight, 

 including the piece first broken off, is seventeen pounds and 

 three-quarters. Mr. Howell proposed to call it the ' 'Welland 

 meteorite," from the locality where it was found. Mr. 

 Howell stated that this was the second meteorite they had 

 received from Ontario. 



The first one fell about 2 p.m., Jan. 21, 1887, in the 

 village of De Cewsville. It struck in the ditch by the side of 

 the street, about fifteen feet from a lady who was passing along 

 the middle of the street at the time. 



It broke through a thin sheet of ice, and was not found until 



peculiarly adapted to this form of bell ; and this style'7of 

 magnet gives a powerful magnetic field, insuring quick and 

 vigorou action. 



By reference to the sectional illustration, it will be noticed 

 that the method of hanging the clapper is novel and very 

 ingenious. Advantage is taken of gravitation, to an excellent 

 purpose. This form of bell admits of its being used in many 

 places where ix would be impracticable to put bells of the 

 ordinary kind. For instance, it can be hung to a clock, and 

 with the use of proper appliances made to strike the hour, or 

 oftener if desired. It is also adapted to church chimes, which 

 can be rung on this principle as easily as playing on the key- 

 board of a pianoforte. 



One great advantage of this invention in its application to 

 locomotive bells is quite obvious. Instead of the fireman spend- 

 ing half his time pulling the bell-cord, the bell by this new 

 method would be placed at the command of the engineer, the 

 same as the whistle or brake, and would be instantly sounded and 

 the alarm made continuous by simply turning the switch. This 

 adaptation alone makes the invention valuable, to say nothing; 



