AS TO THE HEBEDITT OE ACQUIRED COTifDITIONS. 471 



Cleft-Palate and Sare-Lip. — These malformations are un- 

 doubtedly hereditary. Pritzsche found the factor of heredity to 

 exist in five out of fifty-two cases coming under notice in the 

 Zurich Xlinik in ten years *. Mason t has recorded others, and 

 Biondi J gives the following table from Passavant § : — 



F.x 



F.c.p. F.h.l. F.n. F.n. F.n. F.n. M.n. 



I I I 



F.c.p. 



I 1 I Mn. 



M.'n. F.n. ^ F.c.p. SM. F.n. M. \ 



I I alln. h.l. F.c.p. 

 F.n. F.n. 



(h.l.=hare lip; c.p. = cleft palate.) 



I have mentioned these numerous cases since Eorster and 

 others have inclined to the opinion that cleft-palate is not here- 

 ditary. Before leaving the question of heredity in connection 

 with these defects, it should be mentioned that the parents, i£ 

 not affected with the lesion itself, may present minor malforma- 

 tions tending in that direction. Thus Mason (p. 18) says : — 

 " Sir William Ferguson used to look for, and generally find, a 

 partial defect in the upper lip and jaw of one or hoth of the 

 parents, and since he directed my attention to this point, I have 

 observed it in many instances." Again, Knaggs ||, in a report of 

 660 midwifery cases conducted in Australia, describes one of 

 exaggerated hare-lip and cleft-palate, in which several individuals 

 on the mother's side were similarly affected. Moreover, " the 

 mother possessed a very high-arched palate, so much so as to 

 create the impression that she had narrowly escaped the defor- 

 mity itself." Finally, Murray % has placed on record a case in 

 which other malformations of the same region co-existed with or 



alternated with hare-lip. 



F. higli arched palate. 



M. double hare-lip and sacculi. 



* 'Missbild. d. Gesiehts.' (Zurich, 1878), p. 6. 



t ' On Hare-Lip and Cleft-Palate ' (Lond. 1877), pp. 21 & 64. 



X " Lippenspalte," Yirch. Arch. Ed. 91. S. 173. § Arch. f. Heilk. 1862, p. 305. 



II J)ubl. Med. Joum. Ixxi. p. 431. ^ Med.-Chir. Eev. vol. xxyi. p. 502 



