CLASSIFICATION OF THE TUNICATA. 573 



/Peduncle tui-ned posteriorly 1 



\ Peduncle turned anteriorly 2 



J f Dorsal end fringed with papillae ... C. recumbens, Hurdm. (A. Arct.) 

 \ Dorsal end not fringed C. perlucidus, Herdm. (A. Arct.) 



2 f Dorsal end fringed \Yith papillae 3 



[Dorsal end not fringed 4 



2 f Surface even C. perlatus*, ^vh.m. (N. Atl.) 



[ Surface very uneven C. Murrayi, Herdm, (N. Pac.) 



(Atrial aperture on dorsal edge behind middle. 

 C. Willemoesi, Herdm. (N. Pac.) 

 Atrial aperture in centre of posterior end 5 



P- f Surface even C. Moseleyi,'S.evAm. (Pac.) 



\ Surface very uneven, but smooth ... C. Wyville-Thomsoni, Herdm. (S. 



[Pac.) 



Subfamily Cynthiin^j Serdman, 1880. 



Body attached, sessile or very sliortly pedunculated. Bran- 

 chial and atrial apertures with 4 lobes each. 



Test coriaceous, rarely cartilaginous, rarely covered with 

 sand. 



Branchial sae with more than 4 folds upon eacli side (except 

 Forhesella tessellata, Forbes). 



Tentacles compound. 



Alimentary canal with no marked stomach, but with a glandular 

 lobed appendage. 



There are four genera : — Microcosmus, Cyntliia, Torhesella, and 

 BhahdocyntTiia. The last is a new genus wliich I am forming for the 

 reception of all those species of Cynthia which are provided with 

 needle-like or rod-like spicules of carbonate of lime scattered 

 through their tissues ; and Forbesella is a new genus which I 

 consider necessary for the remarkable Cynthia tessellata of 

 Eorbes, which differs from all other Cynthiinae in having only 

 4 folds on each side of the branchial sac. 



f With only 4 folds present on each side Forbesella. 



[With more than 4 folds on each side 1 



, I Dorsallamina plain, intestinal loop narrow Microcosmus. 



[ Dorsal lamina toothed, intestinal loop wide 2 



„ f Rod-like or curved calcareous spicules in tissues. . . Rhabdocynthia. 

 [ No such spicules pi-esent Cynthia. 



* Oulcolus Tanneri, Verr. (N. Atl.), is close to this species It may be dis- 

 tinct, but has not yet been fully described. 



