650 PBOr. W. A. HEEUMATS'S KEVISED 



Eamily APPENDICULAEtlD^, Bronn, 1862. 



Body more or less ovate, with the longer axis antero-posterior, 

 and having a large appendage (the tail) attached to the ventral 

 surface. The branchial aperture is anterior. 



Test periodically developed into a very large investing-capsule, 

 which is after a time cast oif from the body. 



Branchial sac is simple, and has only two openings, which are 

 placed one on each side of the ventral edge, and lead to separate 

 atrial apertures. 



Nervous system consists of a large ganglionic mass placed 

 dorsally near the anterior part of the body, and a nerve-cord with 

 ganglionic thickenings vrhicli is continued posteriorly and ventrally 

 into the appendage. 



Alimentary canal lies posterior to the branchial sac. The 

 anus opens on the exterior of the body. 



Gonads, like the anus, independent of the atrial apertures. 



This family contains five genera *, which may be distinguished 

 thus : — 



{No heart, no endostyle, pharynx with 4 rows of ciliated processes. 

 Kowalevskia. 

 Heart and endostyle, no such processes in pharynx 1 



(Body elongated and divided into two parts ; fold of integument forming 

 a hood Fritillaria. 

 Body compact, short ; no hood 2 



o [Rectum enormous, tail moderately long Appendicularia. 



[Rectum not very large, tail very long 3 



o f Body ovoid, not depressed Oikopleura. 



[Body rhomboid, depressed Stegosoma. 



Appekdictjlaeta {Cham. 1821), Fol, 1874. 



Body contracted, depressed anteriorly, swollen posteriorly. 

 No fold of integument forming a hood is present. 



Tail moderate, measuring twice to thrice the length of the body. 



Endostyle slightly curved. 



Bectum enormous, larger than stomach and intestine together. 



* Vexillaria, J. Miiller, is a synonym of Oikopleura, and Eurycercits, Busch 

 of Fritillaria. A remarkable form was described (no name) by Moss in 1871 

 as having stigmata in the wall of its branchial sac. If that is correct, and if 

 the form really belongs to this family, it ought to be placed in a genus by 

 itself. I would suggest for it the name Mos.sia dolioloides. 



