46 MR. E. J. TILL YARD : LIFE-HISTORIES AND 



from one to two. Anal triangle of (^ right-angled, strong, 2-3-celled ; 

 inembranule small. Mspl one row of cells below ili^. Pterostigina strongly 

 braced, of variable length. Triangles of medium length, usually 3-celled. 

 Sc normal. Eyes large, contiguous for some distance. Front of variable 

 width, rounded, not raised much above level of eyes ; antennae and ocelli 

 normal in position ; vertical tubercle present. Female loitli a dentigefous 

 plate under segment 10 (Plate 5. fig. 6). 



Distribution confined to the Australian Region. 



Type : Austroa^scJuia parvistigma, Selys. 



If the above definition of the genus, as now proposed by me, be accepted^ 

 it will be necessary first of all to remove from it the two non-Australian 

 species included by Martin. These are ^4, intersedens, Martin (^iEschnines 

 (joll. Selys, fasc. xix. p. 101), from the Khasia Hills, and A. milnei, Selys, 

 from Japan. Neither species is known to me, but there can be little 

 doubt of their generic distinctness. The figure given by Martin for 

 A. intersedens shows an absolutely unbraced pterostigma, a condition quite 

 unknown in any, true Austrocesclma. A. milnei is only known from the 

 female, and there are probably equally strong grounds for excluding it. 

 Martin says nothing about its stigma being braced. On zoo-geograpbical 

 grounds alone, it would be hard to accept it as congeneric with our natural 

 Australian group of species. 



It is also necessary to exclude, for removal into a new genus, the very 

 remarkable species Austrocesclma sagittata, Martin, which is a more highly- 

 specialized form both in larva and imago. 



Austrophlehia costalis, Tillyard, originally also included in this genus, has 

 already been removed into a new genus in the " aphantochrome " series. 



With these restrictions, there remain eleven species in the genus, to which 

 will be added, in this paper, a twelfth. As these eleven have all been well 

 described by Selys, Martin, Forster *, and myself, I shall content mvself 

 simply with describing the new species and the life-histories of those species 

 which I have worked out, adding for reference a comparative table of the 

 more striking differences. 



The twelve species included in the genus Aiistroceschna, as restricted by 

 me, fall naturally into two groups, according to their coloration and habits. 

 These two groups do not, however, appear to me to be deserving of generic 

 rank. They are : — 



I. Species which have developed a pattern of green, yellow, or greenish- 

 blue markings on a dark brown ground, and with it have also formed 

 the habit of settling in the foliage of bushes and trees where their 

 colour protects them. 



* Forster's genus Dromaschna, proposed for A. forcipata iind A. tveiskei, has nothing to 

 recommend it, and is here re-absorbed into Austrocesclma. 



