340 MR. C. F. M. SWYNNERTON ON THE 



(c) 1 . Leucocelis ichthyurus ] Lihythea laitis, 



2. (On manner) Cricket 8. J Catopsilia Jlorella. 



3. H. misippus $ and Rhinomyza denticornis. (The Lihythea 



and C. Jlorella above Himatismus fasciciolosus too.) 



(d) 1. Precis clelia. 



2. Papilio demodocus, on manner. 



3. Lycoid wasp. 



4. S. misippus $ . 



(e) 1. Precis cehrene and Papilio lyceus (^Precis clelia above Papilio 



angolanus). 

 2. P. angolanus, Atella phalantha, S. misippus $ , and grass- 

 hoppers. 

 E. hiarhas and P. demodocus probably not below P. angolanus.'] 



Exp. 144. — February 3. Showed distinct suspicion at the loiid and continuous 

 crepitation of a beetle, retreating along the perch when I brought it near. The 

 sound was probably associated with something nauseous or otherwise unpleasant 

 in the roller's memory. 



Exp. 145. — February 7. Inserted, scattered amongst her other food, three or 

 four of the brilliant red-and-black, softish, nut-flavoured seeds of Trichilia 

 chirindica. They were ignored. The experiment, to test whether birds recognise 

 food instinctively, was therefore inconclusive. 



Exp. 146. — February 10. I fed the bird on grasshoppei's till she would eat no 

 more. She then took a P. angolanus without alacrity, crushed it for quite a long 

 time as though she could not quite make up her mind to eat it, then suddenly 

 turned it head inwards and swallowed it. She refused the next, then listlessly 

 took and crushed it and tossed it aside, proceeding to treat a $ P. lyceus in the 

 same way. I next presented a powerful wasp, Salius basalis, black with yellow 

 legs and wing-tips, but the bird showed much suspicion of it as it buzzed and 

 struggled in the forceps, and though she several times seized it she dared not hold 

 it long in her bill, but each time quickly crushed and thi-ew it down. On my 

 killing the wasp by crushing the thorax she continued to treat it in the same way 

 and finally refused it altogether. She had doubtless tasted it, but the result was 

 conceivably (though doubtfully) even now prejudiced by her fear of the sting. 



She then refused to touch P. lyceus, regarded with some suspicion, but on my 

 continuing to offer tasted and then very readily ate a wingless Precis cirtaxia, readily 

 accepted a wingless § U. misippus, held in the forceps in such a way that only 

 the black l^pper surface showed, but after crushing and tasting it with great 

 thoroughness threw it away, readily ate another wingless P. artaxia, tasted very 

 thoroughly and finally threw away a wingless H. wahlbergi, tasted rather huri^iedly 

 four or five times the Scdius, and each time dropped it with an air of suspicion or 

 disinclination, again tasted well and rejected the H. misippus $ and the H. loahlbergi 

 and, more promptly, the P. lyceus, and accepted, tasted, and made a number of 

 unsuccessful attempts to swallow a small dull-coloured mantis {Ligaria sp.). The 



