418 



DR. J. C. MOTTRAM ON 



Many 



Concluding Remarks. 

 experiments and observations have shown that the 



patterns and coloration of animals are related to their environ- 

 ment ; such terms as Protective Resemblance, Obliterative 

 Shading, etc., indicate the lines of research along which know- 

 ledge has been acquired, and which is conveniently condensed in 

 the following table by Prof. Poulton. The basis of this classifi- 

 •cation is a resemblance, or otherwise, of the animal's coloration 

 to its natural background. Further difierentiation is achieved 



Table IY. 



A. Apatetic coloiirs = colours resembling some part of environment. 



(1) Crj-ptic (a) procryptic = protective resemblance. 



(h) anticryptic = aggressive resemblance. 



(2) Pseudo-sematic = false signalling. 



(a) pseudo-sematic = protective mimicrj'. 

 (6) pseudo-episematic = aggressive mimicrj' or alluring. 

 'B. Sematic colours = signalling colours. 



(1) Aposematic = warning. 



(2) Episematic = recognition marks. 



by division according to the utility or function which this re- 

 semblance, or the reverse, has. These fiinctious have to do with 

 the escape from enemies, the procuring of food, and recognition 

 by members of the same and other species. It follows that the 

 patterns of animals must be closely related to the visual percep- 

 tion of their enemies, their prey, and their friends. A classifica- 

 tion from this point of view would seem, therefore, to be the 

 most natural, and the following table was therefore prepared. 



Table V. 



