6 MK. E. B. SIIARM OK TUE 



those which feed large flocks of kids or sheep, such as the mountains of 

 Treloz, Orgeval, Rosannaz, and those of Faucigny, whence in 1846 M. 

 Louis Coppier received a young male captured at Chamounix {Bailly) ; 

 a regular migrant in the south of France {Jauhert et Barthelemy-Lapom- 

 meraye) . 



Lorraine. Very rare (Godron); killed once near Remilly in 1842 

 (Hollandre). 



Spain. Common in Southern Spaid (Saunders) ; very plentiful near 

 Gibraltar, nesting in colonies (Irby) ; Guadalquivir river {Lilford) ; Sierra 

 de la Palraiterra near Marbella [Lilford). 



Portugal. Said to be common in the southern districts, and seen on 

 several occasions in the plains of Alemtejo (Smith) ; common in the last- 

 named locality (Socage). 



Italy. Resident in the Alps of Nice and in Sicily, and of accidental oc- 

 currence all over Italy (Salvadori). 



Sardinia. By no means uncommon; resident and breeding (A. B 

 Brooke). 



Austria. Often plentiful in Southern Hungary, Dalmatia, and Servia 

 (Fritsch) ', ZwoMaxing (Brezenkeim) ; breeding in the Banat (ZeZeftor); cf. 

 Pelz. Sitz. z.-b. G. Wien, 1862, p. 129 ; a male procured at Neutitschein 

 (Mahren) in October 1873 (Von Tschusi). 



Bohemia. Comes from the eastward, particularly from Galicia and Hun- 

 gary (Fritsch. J.f. O. 1871, p. 175). 



Germany. Of accidental occurrence nearly all over Germany ; Ober- 

 Lausitz ; Oldenburg, near Mlinster ; Dantzig, &c. (Borggreve). 



Poland. Rarer than Vultur monachus; near Saraose; near "Warsaw 

 (Taczanowski). 



Russia. Courlandj killed in the Mitau district (Ooebel). According 

 to Mr. Dresser, it was found by Sabauaeff " in the Kaslinsky Ural, 

 where it breeds; and he further states that it ranges as high as 

 59° N. lat., having been obtained in the Pavdinskaia Dacha. He records 

 the capture of one within sixty miles of Moscow in 1841, and says that 

 sportsmen have assui-ed him that they have seen this species in the district 

 of Jaroslaf, which he thinks may have been the case. He also speaks of 

 it as an annual migrant in the Government of Voronege." Uman, ob- 

 served on the 26th of April, 1871 (Goebel,J.f. O. 1873, p. 131); near 

 Tiflis (Radde) ; more or less common on all the shores of the Black Sea, 

 more abundant in Bessarabia, only in small numbers on the mountains 

 which border the south coast of the Crimea (Nordmann) ; abundant near 

 Sevastopol in 1854 (G. C. Taylor). 



Turkey. One of the commonest birds throughout Central Bulgaria; 

 particularly partial to the Pravidy Valley (Farman); common in Mace- 

 donia and Bulgaria (Elwes 4" Buckley); common during migration, pass- 

 ing the simimev in the interior, some few remaining (Alison). 



