BKTOZOA PllOM PEANZ-JOSEF LAND. 163 



and number of the embryos and the way in which the embryo is 

 formed. The position in the zooecium from which new zooecia 

 grow will certainly here be of value, just as it is in the Cbilo- 

 stomata; for on this the shape of the colony sometimes depends, 

 and this colonial shape must always receive attention. In many 

 species there are internal denticles having distinct forms. 



It is too often forgotten that we cannot be sure of genera 

 until we have established the characters upon which the species 

 are based, and then satisfactory family-groups may be made ; 

 but at present the attempts to group into families are often 

 ridiculous. 



I have been able to examine the ovicells and embrj^os of 

 Diastopora intricaria, Smitt, and Sornera lichenoides, Pontop.; 

 but on the whole the collection did not contain many species 

 with ovicells, or with them in such condition or abundance as 

 to admit of much examination. 



Since the first part of this communication was published, in 

 this Journal, the following papers on the Arctic Fauna have 

 appeared : — 



Bidenkap, Olaf: " Die Bryozoen von Spitzbergen und Konig- 

 Karls Land," Fauna Arctica, vol. i. pt. ii., 1900. Anderssou, 

 K. A.: "Bryozoen wahrend der Schwedische Expedition 18.98- 

 1899-1900 gesammelt," Zool. Jahrb. vol. xv. 1902, pp. 537-560, 

 pi. 30. Norman, Canon A. Merle: "Notes on the Natural 

 History of East Einmark — Polyzoa," Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist, 

 ser. 7, vol. xi. pp. 567-598; vol. xii. pp. 87-128 (1903). 



Norman, in his paper, puts my Schizoporella Rarmsworthii 

 under Lepralia Smitti, Kirchenpauer ; but I still consider that 

 the name Sarmsworthii should stand, for though this species 

 has been seen before, it has been described mixed up with other 

 species. Smitt figured under Escharella Ziegentilii, forma 

 prototypa, two species ; and when Kirchenpauer gave the name 

 L. Smitii he referred to all of Smitt's figures 47-52, thus in- 

 cluding Sraitt's forma typica, which belongs to another genus, and 

 is probably Smittia reticulata, MacG. Kirchenpauer then refers 

 to Smitt's synonyms, those mentioned being Smittia reticulata 

 or closely-allied forms, and says they do not correspond with 

 the L. Smitfi; but all the same it seems impossible to know 

 what Kirchenpauer had before him, as he gives no description. 

 When describing S. Hannsworthii I gave my reasons for the 

 new name, and only referred to Smitt's figures 47-48, as fig. 49 



12* 



