12 MR. F. E. BEDDARD ON THE [Jan. 20, 
2. On the Brains of Nasalis larvatus and of some other Old 
World Primates. By Frank E. Bepparp, F.R.S. &c. 
[Received January 17, 1903.] 
(Text-figures 2-8.) 
Among the types of Old World Primates not studied by Messrs. 
Kiikenthal and Ziehen *‘ in their otherwise fairly exhaustive survey 
of the cerebral convolutions in the Apes, are Vasalis (if it be a 
distinct genus), Colobus, and Cynopithecus. I take the oppor- 
tunity afforded me by the possession of brains of these three 
genera to compare their characters with those of other Old World 
genera. The memoir of Kiikenthal and Ziehen has aided me 
greatly in this attempt on account of the clearness and accuracy 
of their figures, many of which I have been able to verify by an 
inspection of brains of the same or allied species. I do not, 
however, always find myself able to agree with the selection of 
characters which they use to define the various genera of Apes 
examined by them’. I cannot distinguish by any tangible 
differences the arrangement of the furrows in the genera Macacus, 
Cercopithecus, Cercocebus, and perhaps Papio. It appears to me, 
in fact, that among the Cercopithecide there are only two plans 
of cerebral conformation, one confined to the Cercopithecine and 
the other to the Semnopithecine. The facts which I discuss in 
the present communication are confirmatory of that view. But 
the classificatory results to which they appear to lead are not a 
little surprising, and may possibly be regarded as tending to 
throw doubt upon the use of the cerebral convolutions as an 
index of anything save physiological resemblances. 
§. The Brain of NASALIS LARVATUS. 
I have been able to compare the brain of the young male 
Nasalis larvatus® with those of two other examples, which I owe 
to the kindness of Dr. Charles Hose of Borneo, and I find that 
there are, as might be expected, some slight differences of detail 
in the arrangement of the furrows. The accompanying drawing 
(text-fig. 2) illustrates the superior aspect of the cerebral hemi- 
spheres of the specimen of Wasalis which forms the subject 
1 “Untersuchungen tiber die Grosshirnfurchen der Primaten,” Jen. Zeitschr. f. 
Naturw. xxix. (n. s.) 1895, pp. 1-122. 
2 For instance, I find that the backward prolongation of the sulcus precentralis, 
whose absence is stated as a characteristic of Cercopithecus, is present in C. stairsi. 
In Cynocephalus mormon the parallel fissure joins the Sylvian above, so that the 
statement “‘a [the parallel fissure] nahert sich dem hinteren Ende von S [the 
Sylvian] um S dann im Bogen zu umkreisen”’ is not universal in its application. 
In the same species the furrow hitherto lettered 6 (= inferior occipital) is not 
“entirely confined to the lateral convexity ”; it also extends ventrally. The fissures 
u and a form a complete Y-shaped furrow as in other Old World forms. Messrs. 
Kikenthal and Ziehen write :—“ x verschmilzt gar nicht oder nur scheinbar mit w.” 
3 Gratiolet (Mém. sur les Plis cérébraux, &c. pl. iv. figs. 1, 2) has figured a brain 
of this animal. 
