50 MESSRS. R. I, POCOCK AND N.C. ROTHSCHILD oN [Jan. 20, 
the posterior side being much less numerous than on the anterior, 
the anterior and dorsal surfaces of the segment also spiny ; 
tarsus covered with rows of spinules; 2nd leg like the Ist, but 
with the femur almost quite smooth ; 3rd and 4th legs with tarsi 
bristly beneath, tibia of 3rd spined below, of 4th scarcely spmed. 
Abdomen as wide behind as it is long, and twice as wide as it 1s 
in front, the anterior border transverse and armed with four 
tubercles, the lateral border with four small tubercles, the 
postero-lateral angle with two large superior and two small 
inferior pale tubercles ; between the former are four pairs of 
shining black tubercles, two pairs of which are much larger than 
the Others: in addition to these the dorsal surface is furnished 
with three pairs of small scattered tubercles; lateral surface 
pitted ; inferior surface with two rows of muscular pits. Vulva 
undeveloped. 
Measurements in mm.—Total length 9, carapace 4; posterior 
width of abdomen 5°5, anterior width nearly 3; length of Ist leg 
14, its femur 4, patella + tibia about 5, 3rd leg 6, tarsus + pro- 
tarsus about 5 
Loc. Kandy. 
Tn size and shape this species does not appear to differ appreci- 
ably from P. ceylonica O. P. Cambridge (P. Z.S. 1884, p. 201, 
pl. xv. fig. 3, sub Ornithoscatoides), which was recorded from 
Ceylon. The colouring of the two, however, is very different. 
In P. ceylonica the anterior legs are heavily blackened only upon 
the protarsi and distal half of the tibie, the mandibles have no 
lack patch, and the black-and-yellow pattern of the carapace 
and abdomen, so conspicuous in P. rothschildi, is but little differ- 
entiated ; also the cephalic tubercles between the two rows of 
eyes are much higher in P. ceylonica (see also Simon, Hist. Nat. 
Araign. 1. p. 1043, fig. 1087, 1895). 
Another Ceylonese species, O. nigra O. P. Cambr. (loc. cit. 
p. 202, pl. xv. fig. 4), was based upon the male sex, and cannot, 
therefore, be compared with those based upon females. <A third 
species, P. fatalis ©. P. Cambr. (P.Z.8. 1899, p. 525, pl. xxx. 
fig. 7), from Ceylon, differs so markedly in form, coloration, 
tuberculation, &e., as to need no comparison with this new species. 
Also P. peeliana Stol. (J. A. S. Bengal, xxxviii. 1869, p. 229, 
pl. xx. fig. 4), from Sibsagar, Assam; P. tuberosa Blekw. (Ann, 
Mag. N. ‘Hist. (3) xiv. p. 38, 1864, & PLAS. 1884, pl. xv. fig. 2), 
from the Hast Indies; and the Burmese form P. papulata Thorell, 
are all different from this new form. 
To Dr. H. O. Forbes, F.Z.S.’, belongs the credit of the discovery 
that the coloration of the species of Phrynarachne belongs to the 
pseudepisematic category. The pattern of yellow and black which 
decorates the dorsal and ventral sides simulates that of the sem1- 
solid central portion of a patch of bird’s-dung splashed upon a leaf, 
the paler more fluid portion being represented by a thin irregular- 
shaped carpet of white silk, in the centre of which the spider 
takes its stand. The spider discovered by Messrs. Rothschild 
1 P.Z.S. 1883, p. 586, pl. li. 
