18(3 BULLETIN: MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 



observed that this crescent follows the general law and is bilaterally 

 symmetrical about the usual axis.i 



' F'lgr. 9 shows the law of repetition of some very complex spots, each 

 bein^ bilaterally symmetrical. It is found in Parthenos gambrisius. 



rfo-s. 10 and 11 represent Ornithoptera urvilliana and O. priamus 

 respectively. In Fig. 10 we see an instance of a spot within a spot, 

 and in Fig. 11 an even more complex e-ase, for here there are three 

 systems of spots one within another. 



Fi<y. 12 represents the marginal markings found in Hestia jasonia 

 and F'lgr. 1.3 Hestia leuconoe var. clara. These two examples are 

 intended to illustrate the fact, that, although the markings are 

 situated ttpon the nervures, they are bilaterally symmetrical not 

 about the nervures as axes, but about the usual axis passing midway 

 between the nervures. In Fig. 12 it will be seen that the two 

 curved markings situated upon nervures 1" and 2, and projecting 

 into cell I^ are bilaterally symmetrical only in reference to the axis 

 through the middle of the cell. 



In allied species the spot situated upon nervure 1'' is often absent. 

 The system of markings is therefore undergoing degeneration at this 

 end (cf. Fig. 13, cell 1"=). The curved mark upon nervure 5 (Fig. 

 12) projecting into cell V is plainly symmetrical with respect to its 

 fellow in the opposite side of cell V, and not with its near companion 

 Avhich projects into cell IV. The same is also true in the case of the 

 spots in cell VI. 



In Fio-. 13 the spots appear at the first glance to be bilaterally 

 symmetrical about both nervures and centers of cells, but in cell IV 

 the marking situated on nervure 4 does not quite reach to the cen- 

 ter, and it is interesting to observe that its fellow on nervure 5 also 

 falls short of reaching the center and is therefore symmetrical with 

 respect to the other curved spot in cell IV. This case also furni.shes 

 an instance of a break in the middle of a linear series. 



¥\tr. 14 is taken from the under surface of the hind wing of 

 Papiho emalthion. It serves to illustrate the fusion of two orig- 

 inally separate rows of spots. In this case the crescent-shaped spots 

 above have fused with the rectangular ones below, so as to inclose 

 a portion of the ground color of the wing. Sometimes two rows of 



1 A verv beautiful exception (Fig. 10, Plate 2) to this rule for the crescents found in eye- 

 spots is seen in the un.ler surface of the fore wing of Missanga patinia Moore. It will be 

 noticed that the large black crescent found in this beautiful eye-spot is 90= away from its 

 usual position. This is the only exception of the sort known to me. 



