ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 281 



the Hepatic^. Although the Sphagnacese present some characters 

 which mark the transition to the Hepatic^e, they must not be separated 

 from the Musci. The Anthoceroteee, on the other hand, are regarded 

 by the author as constituting a degraded family lower in organization 

 than the Musci and HepaticBB. Separating these off, the remaining 

 Hepaticse then present two well-marked orders, the Jungermanni- 

 oidea and the Marchantioidese ; while the Musci are divided into 

 the Musci Anomali (Sphagnacefe, Andreteace^, and Archidiacese) and 

 the Musci Veri, again separated into Cleistocarpi and Stegocarpi. 



Trochobryum, a new Genus of Seligeriacese.* — J. Breidler and 

 G. Beck find on wet calcareous stones and ditches on the Ulrichsberg 

 in Carniola, a new moss which they call Trocliohryum carniolicum, 

 and regard as the type of a new genus with the following characters : 

 Plantse hrmiiles, Seligerice generis speciebus afSnitate proximse. Folia 

 e basi brevi laxe areolata costa procurrente longe subulata. Capsula 

 in seta crassa subsphasrica pachyderma coUo brevi indistincto suffulta 

 sicca depressa, deoperculata subdisciformis vel plano-infundibuliformis. 

 Peristomii denies 16, sequidistantes, hygroscopici, latiusculi, sine 

 linea divisurali. Operculum columellse adnatum, apiculatum. Calyj^tra 

 cucullata. 



Mosses of France.! — A full account of the mosses (excluding 

 Sphagnacese) of France has recently been published by M. Boulay. 

 After a review of the literature of the subject, he states the 

 general character of the class Muscineee, and of its divisions, the 

 Mosses, Sphagnaceas, and Hepaticse ; and gives a very full description 

 of the organographic and morphological characters of Mosses, the 

 production of hybrids, and some modes of secondary reproduction. 

 In respect of geographical distribution, the author distinguishes three 

 regions : — the Mediterranean, the forest, and the alpine region. 



In classification, commencing with the Hypnacese and finishing 

 with the AndreEeaceee, the system of Schimper is followed, though 

 with some deviations. Two new species are described : Bryum 

 (^Wehera) carinaium and Grimmia (Giimbelia) anceps, hoth. from Mont 

 Blanc, while a considerable number of forms hitherto described as 

 species are degraded to the rank of varieties. The number of species 

 described is 586. 



European Sphagnacese.:]: — C. Warnstoff recapitulates all the 

 additions to our knowledge of the Sphagnum forms of Europe since 

 the publication of his ' Europaische Torfmoose ' in 1881. The 

 following is his enumeration of the species at present known : — 

 A. Sphagna cymbifolia. 1. S. cymbifolium ; 2. ^S*, pajnllosum ; 3. S. 

 medium; 4. S. Austini. B. S. stjbsecunda. 6. *S'. subsecundum ; 

 6. S. contortum ; 7. S. laricinum ; 8. S. platyphyllum ; 9. S. Pylaiei ; 

 10. S. tenellum. C. S. teuncata. 11. *S'. Angstroemii ; 12. S. rigidum ; 

 13. S. molle. D. S. cuspid ata. 14. S. acutifoUum ; 15, S. acuti- 



* Verb. KK. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, 1884 (1 pi.). See Bot. Centralbl., xx. 

 (1884) p. 294. .1- , . 



t Boulay, Muscinees de la France. Ptie I. Mousses. Paris, 1884. 

 % Flora, Ixvii. (1884) pp. 469-83, 485-500, 501-16, 598-611 (2 pis.). 



