ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MIOKOSOOPY, ETO. 355 



should be a little smaller than the diameter of the tubing. One end 

 of each must be cut very smoothly and exactly at right angles with 

 the axis. From a sheet of indiarubber, which should be at least 

 1/10 in. in thickness, two disks should be cut of the same size as the 

 end of the plunger, and one attached to the smooth end of each plunger. 

 A piece of chamois large enough to go over the rubber and be fastened 

 to the plunger completes the apparatus. A shoulder should be cut on 

 the end of the plunger to receive the thread or wire used to bind the 

 chamois to its place. 



The cover to be cleaned is laid on the end of one of the plungers 

 and inserted into one end of the tube. The other plunger is inserted 

 from the other end of the tube, and friction is made by rotating the 

 plungers. If properly made, the full strength may be exerted on the 

 thinnest cover-glass without breaking it. 



Cole's ' Studies in Microscopical Science.' — Mr. Cole's ' Studies ' 

 are now resumed. They are divided into four sections : Botanical 

 Histology, Animal Histology, Pathological Histology, and Popular 

 Microscopical Studies. The contents of the first parts of each section 

 are noted infra, p. 364. We need only refer to what we have already 

 said as to the great want which these studies are so well calculated to 

 meet, and urge microscopists to support an enterprise which, under 

 the most favourable circumstances, must still leave the editor and 

 publishers with little for their reward beyond the consciousness of 

 having performed a most valuable service to biological students and 

 workers. 



Lee's Microtomists' Vade Mecum.* — No literature is more in- 

 conveniently scattered than that which deals with histological methods, 

 and Mr. A. B. Lee is deserving of all praise for having accomplished 

 the laborious task of collecting into a handy form for reference all 

 the methods in actual use at the present day, or which have been 

 recommended within recent years. 



The book is divided into two parts. The first contains a collec- 

 tion of formulae under the heads of fixing, staining, hardening, im- 

 bedding, cleaning agents, cements, injection-masses, &c. The second 

 part deals with special cases, and is divided into cytological methods, 

 embryological methods, the integument, tactile organs, retina, myelon, 

 tissues, blood, &c., of Vertebrata, with separate chapters for the dif- 

 ferent divisions of the Invertebrata. 



Nearly 700 different methods are described with great conciseness 

 but at the same time completeness ; and to make the book useful to 

 beginners as well as advanced anatomists, a general introduction is 

 given, with a series of introductory paragraphs to some of the chapters. 



The book will be invaluable to a large class of workers as a ready 

 means of reference, either on matters of detail or otherwise, for 

 which there is a great want. We had to spend some time recently in 

 the endeavour to discover what Erlicki's fluid was, a point which 

 Mr. Lee's book would have cleared up at once. 



* Lee, A. B., ' The Microtomists' Vade Mecum : A Handbook of the Methods 

 of Microscopic Anatomy,' xvi. and 424 pp. 8vo, London, 1885. 



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