ZOOLOGY A.ND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 471 



what seems to be a mucilaginous investment crowded by slightly 

 curved bacilliform rods. This coating is usually much deeper than 

 the width of the spaces between the transverse striations which also 

 ornament the zooid. The bacteriform bodies, 1/12000 in. in height, 

 are only visible with a power of 500 diameters. They are usually 

 extremely abundant, being scattered, or arranged in irregularly dis- 

 posed clusters formed of several rods lying parallel to each other. 



Structure of Reticular Rhizopods.* — M. de Folin finds that in 

 all Ehizopods the protoplasm has mixed with it foreign corpuscles, 

 mineral or vegetable ; by the addition of these the protoplasm becomes 

 " rhizopodic sarcode." The deep-sea explorations have resulted in the 

 discovery of a form for which the author proposes the naine oi Bathy- 

 biopsis, which has the power of producing a secretion, and of causing 

 the envelope of the organism to pass through four stages, which are 

 distinguished respectively as submembranous, membranous, sub- 

 chitinous, and chitinous. These envelopes or tunics appear to be 

 found in all reticular Ehizopods. As ve ascend the series we observe 

 more and more well-marked efforts on the part of the animal to defend 

 itself from the dangers which threaten it. If it is naked it hides in 

 some cavity ; if it is half-naked it partly covers itself with grains of 

 sand, fragments of spicules and so on ; in some cases it presents a 

 completely solid surface. The secretion cements the spicules together, 

 and may be known as the sarcoderm ; in all forms the protoplasm is 

 essentially similar, the sarcoderm alone alters in character. 



The author distinguishes nine tribes ; which he calls the naked, 

 the half-naked, the muddy (" vaseux "), the sticky (''pateux"), the 

 Globerinacess, the Spiculacese, Arenaceae, porcellanous, and vitreous. 



Marine Gregarinidse.t — A full description of new Gregarines 

 found in the Gulf of Naples, is given by Dr. J. Frenzel. They com- 

 prise Callyntrochlamys Phronimce., Gregarina Salpce, G. Dromice, G. 

 Clausii, G. Niccece, G. Caprellce, and G. conformis. 



New Gregarine.;}: — Dr. E. Witlaczil discovered in the body-cavity 

 and fat-body of male larvae of Aphis (Hyalopterus) arundinis a new 

 Gregarine (Neozygites Aplddis). It is small, round, and grey in 

 colour, and has a thin and quite plain cuticle of simple contour, a 

 granular endoplasm, and a scarcely noticeable finely granular exo- 

 plasm. Many nucleus-like clear bodies occur in the endoplasm. 

 Copulation takes place as follows : two individuals approach each 

 other and at the point of contact undergo resorption of cuticle, allow- 

 ing the cell-contents to fuse to an oval mass. The nucleus-like bodies 

 during copulation remain behind in either animal and perhaps even= 

 tually disappear. Three concentric cuticles are secreted by the con- 

 tents of the syzygium. The remnants of the old individuals are then 

 cast off. The process of spore-formation unluckily could not be 

 observed. 



* Comptes Renclus, xcix. (1884) pp. 1127-30. 



t Arch. f. Mikr. Auat., xxiv. (1885) pp. 545-88 (2 pis.). 



X Ibid., pp. 599-603 (1 pi.). 



