278 MESSRS. B. C. A. WINDLE AND F. G. TARSOXS OX [Nov. 3, 



according to Mivart and Murie (74), or only two for the hallux 

 and index (Meckel, VII.). In our specimen (74) we found 

 tendons for the hallux and index, but they were inserted into 

 the proximal phalanges. In the Elephant (85), Paterson and Dun 

 notice that the muscle lises not only from the calcaneum but 

 from the navicular, base of the metatarsal of the medius, and the 

 dorsal ligaments of the tarsus ; it is inserted into all three 

 phalanges of the medius, the slip to the terminal phalanx joining 

 the extensor longus to that digit ; on the right side it is inserted 

 into the annularis as well. In Miall and Greenwood's (81) and 

 Cuvier and Laurillard's (84) specimens details are wanting, but the 

 muscle only goes to the medius in the former and to the miedius 

 and annularis in the latter. Like the extensor longus this 

 muscle is remarkable for often having an insertion into the 

 proximal or middle phalanges. It is always supplied by the 

 anterior tibial nerve. 



Peroneal Regio7i. 



Peroneus longus. — This muscle in the Hippopotamidfe (1, 3) and 

 Suidse (4, 6, 8, 11, 13, 14) rises from the external tuberosity of 

 the tibia and the head of the fibula, though sometimes the latter 

 origin may be absent ; it passes behind the external malleolus 

 and across the sole as usual to be inserted into the innermost 

 cuneiform. In the other Artiodactyla its apparent origin is always 

 from the external tuberosity of the tibia, but in our Harnessed 

 Antelope (55) we found that some of its fibres could easily be 

 traced vipward to the condyle of the femur, forming an oblique 

 band of fibrous tissue on the outer side of the long external 

 lateral ligament of the knee. In a former paper (" Joints of 

 Mammals," Journ. of Anat. vol. xxxiv. p. 307) one of us has drawn 

 attention to the constant twisting of the fibres of this ligament, 

 and we have now very little doubt that its superficial layer which 

 runs downward and forward is really the remains of the origin of 

 the peroneus longus from the femur. Although the Harnessed 

 Antelope shows this in the most marked way, it can be made out 

 by careful dissection in most Ungulates. The insertion in these 

 Artiodactyla is chiefly into the under side of the base of the great 

 cannon-bone. 



Among the Perissodactyla the muscle is present in the 

 Tapiridse (58, 61) and Ilhinocerotidse, and its femoral origin can 

 easily be traced. In the Equidaj (63, 64, 65) there is no peroneus 

 longus. In the Subungulata it rises entirely from the head of 

 the fibula in Hyrax (74, 75) and is inserted into the base of the 

 index metatarsal. In the Elephant, Paterson and Dun made out 

 a distinct femoral and tibial origin (85), while the same is clearly 

 figured by Cuvier and Laurillard (84). Miall and Greenwood, 

 however, failed to notice any femoral origin (XXIX.). The 

 insertion, according to Paterson and Dun, whose account is 

 by far the most exact and detailed of any we have yet seen 



