334 MR. F. MARTIN DUNCAn's DEMONSTRATION [Dec. 1, 



EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. 



Plate XXIX. 

 Laleo neumanni, p. 329, reduced i, with upper view of head, reduced \, and open 

 mouth, nat. size. 



Plate XXX. 

 Barhus erlangeri, p. 331, reduced f, with upper and lower views of head, same 

 reduction. 



Plate XXXI. 

 Fig. 1. DiscoffnatJivs malciensis, p. 330, nat. size, with upper (a) and lower {b) 

 views of liead, X 1 i. 



2. Discognafhus hianfordii, p. 330, do., do. 



3. Chilofflanis modjensis, p. 332, nat. size, with upper (a) and lower (J) views 



of head, X2. 



December 1, 1903. 



Dr. Henry Woodward, F.E..S.,Yice- President, in the Chair. 



Mr. F. Maitin Duncan exhibited, by means of the Bioscope, a 

 series of pictures of Zoological subjects, and made the following 

 remarks : — 



For many years past I have kept a permanent record of my 

 investigations in various branches of Natural Science, by means 

 of the Camera, using in the field various forms of hand and stand 

 cameras, and in the laboratoiy a special photomicrographic outfit. 



My first application of photogi'aphy as a means of recording 

 scientific investigations was in helping my father (the late Pro- 

 fessor P. Martin Duncan, F.R.S.) in his works on the Fossil and 

 Recent Corals and Echinoderms. Although in many cases a 

 single photograph or a series of photographs wiU, to a greater 

 or less degree, demonstrate the appearance or phenomena under 

 investigation, I have always felt in zoological work, particularly 

 in stvidying the movements and habits of animal and insect life, 

 that ordinary photography left much to be desired. Although a 

 long series of photographs will give us an animal in various 

 positions, very often the one most characteristic position desired 

 is not obtained, and the point, therefore, missed. This is parti- 

 cularly the case in dealing with the mode of seeking and capturing 

 prey by the Carnivora ; and when I brought my photographic 

 efforts to bear upon work relating to the habits of wild animals 

 in their natural environment, when seeking and seizing their food, 

 I found the ordinary series of snap-shots failed lamentably to give 

 a graphic idea of the facial expressions and characteristic move- 

 ments of the animal. 



It was this want which led me primarily to consider the advisa- 

 bility of applying Animated Photography to Zoological study. 

 As a lectm-er and teacher of Zoology and Botany, I felt at once 

 that if it were possible to place before my audience or class " living 

 pictures" of animal, insect, and vegetable life, I should have a very 



