42 PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY. 



THIRD YEAR. 



HEAT: ITS SOURCES AND EFFECTS 



(February and March). 



Sources of Heat. — Combustion, friction, chemical action, and the sun. 

 Under combustion investigate constitution of substances which burn, 

 showing that they contain carbon and contain or form gases, and demon- 

 strate necessity of air for combustion. Apply to study of fuel and of 

 lamps, stoves, and furnaces. In studying sun as a source of heat, bring 

 out, by observation, the fact of the varying obliquity of the sun's rays at 

 different parts of the day and at different seasons, and the effect of this on 

 the amount of heat received from the sun. Explain by experiment. 



Effects of Heat. — Heat changes state of bodies from solids to liquids or 

 gases. This will include a review of evaporation and condensation and of 

 the forms of water. Heat causes expansion of bodies, of solids, liquids, 

 and gases. Demonstrate by experiment. Apply to explanation of ther- 

 mometer, steam engine, and winds. 



FOURTH YEAR. 



HEAT: PRODUCTION, CONDUCTION, CONVECTION, RADIATION, ABSORPTION, 



AND EFFECTS 



(February and March). 



Production. — A review of work of previous year. 



Conduction. — Conducting power of different metals. Good and bad 

 conductors. Application to clothing. Conduction in liquids. 



Convection. — Explanation. Necessity and use of currents in liquids 

 and gases. Application to winds. 



Radiation. — Process. Good and bad radiators. Law of distance. 

 Applications to cooling of earth. 



Absorption. — Absorptive power and specific heat. Application to warm- 

 ing of land and water. 



Effects of Heat. — Largely a review of work of previous year. 



FIFTH YEAR. 



GRAVITATION 



(January). 



Fact and law of gravitation, with illustrations. Center of gravity, 

 brought out by experiments with sticks, cardboard of various shapes, and 

 solids. 



Equilibrium. — Relation to position of center of gravity. Kinds — stable, 

 unstable, and neutral. Practical applications. 



Pendulum. — Relation to gravitation. Relation between length and 

 number of vibrations. Use in clocks. 



