. 17 



the scales, from in front of which the bundles of leaves come 

 out. Bark of older branches duller yellow brown. Terminal 

 buds very resinous, rather long, cylindrical with a conical 

 tip, averaging % inch in length ; usually two or three or 

 more smaller accessory buds beside the main terminal bud. 

 Cones large, broad, 2 5w*>.Iong. Scales thickened at the tip, 

 with a stout sharp spine at the middle of the outer margin; 

 borne on the sides of the branches, often in small clusters. 

 Seed with wing. 6 inches long ; wings very delicate in texture, 

 whitish, with stripes of brown. Called also torch pine. 



The pitch pine is a much less important tree than the white 

 pine, but throughout the northern States it is abundant and 

 generally distributed. The tree is at once distinguished from 

 the white pine by the lighter color of its leaves, as well as 

 by their coarser appearance, and by the broad cones which 

 hang upon the branches in all parts of the tree for many 

 years after the seeds have been dropped. The younger cones 

 are bright reddish brown in color, while those which have 

 been weather-beaten for many years become a dark slaty 

 gray color. 



Norway Spruce (Picea excelsa). — Bark of season's 

 shoots light reddish brown; of older shoots much darker. 

 Buds subconical, the imbricated scales reddish brown, with 

 their margins slightly darker. Leaves yellow green, more 

 bluish green on the under surface; arranged spirally on the 

 branches, but the lower ones twisted around so as to give a 

 flattened effect to the lower surface and a brushlike effect 

 to the upper; average length, l/o inch. Cross-section of each 

 leaf nearly square, with parallel rows of whitish dots upon 

 each of the four sides ; apex bluntly pointed. Cones very 

 large, averaging when expanded 5 inches long by 2 inches 

 broad. Margins of the scales rather thin, slightly and irregu- 

 larly toothed, with the exposed portion having somewhat of a 

 triangular effect, though the point of the triangle is generally 

 truncate. Winged seeds light reddish brown in color, % inch 

 long by Yq inch broad. 



The ISTorway spruce is, perhaps, the most generally planted 

 for ornamental purposes of all the evergreens. Although 

 not a native species it is so universally distributed and its 



