20 



Some confusion is likely to arise because in many regions 

 this species is called the white cedar, but it is very distinct 

 from the true white cedar, or, as the latter is sometimes called, 

 the southern white cedar. When growing in the open the 

 arbor vitse assumes the form of an attractive pyramidal tree. 



Hemlock (Tsuga Canadensis). — Branches generally hori- 

 zontal and having a flattened appearance, due in part to the 

 horizontal position of the leaves, which are commonly two 

 ranked on each side. There is also a row of leaves along the 

 upper side of the twig, each leaf parallel with the twig, and 

 in typical cases lying nearly flat upon it. In these cases the 

 apex of the leaf points to the apex of the twig, so that the 

 normal lower surface of the leaf becomes here the upper sur- 

 face; these leaves are generally less than half the length of 

 those that project sideways. . The ordinary leaves generally 

 a little less than % inch long and not quite /42 inch wide, 

 each leaf having a short petiole and generally a rounded tip ; 

 the upper surface bright, shining green, the under surface 

 apjDearing very much lighter, due largely to the whitish 

 stripes along the midrib and along each side of it. Crushed 

 leaves have a distinctly resinous odor. Youngest twigs pubes- 

 cent, light grayish brown in color ; older twigs much darker 

 and roughened by the scales from which the leaves have 

 fallen. The leaves fall off in drying. 



The hemlock is one of the best known and most character- 

 istic of the evergreens. It is widely distributed throughout 

 the United States and Canada, sometimes becoming a forest 

 tree more than 100 feet high. The lower branches are apt 

 to be scraggly, so that it is not so commonly planted in open 

 ground as some of the other evergreens. 



Second Year List. 

 Red Pine (Pinus resinosa) . — The red pine is at once 

 distinguished from the other native pines of the northern 

 States .by its long leaves, arranged in pairs in a rather long- 

 sheath, and its cones, borne at or near the ends of the branches. 

 The slender leaves are 4 to 6 inches long, and the sheaths are 

 from Yo inch to 1 inch in length. The cones are only about 

 2 inches long, nearly egg shaped, and the scales are smooth. 



