aay Ai EE aa SOE ee RE SE SS ee Se ee eee Sa ee ee, 
bo | 
ee a ee ee, ee ee ee ee a nt eee Pape! ee eT a i ete ee 
: 3 ee Ea aT a Baar CE aR 
TIME OF DEVELOPMENT OF FLOWERS 3 
Indiana, and should be compared with those from other sections 
with due allowance for differences in climatic conditions. 
TIME OF DEVELOPMENT OF FLOWERS 
That the flower buds of many early blooming perennial herbs 
are formed during the season preceding their appearance has been 
long known. In the case of A. triphyllum this fact was reported 
and some structural details given by Foerste in 1883 (10). In 
another paper, in 1891, Foerste (11) again speaks of the develop- 
ment of the buds of A. triphyllum and sets the earliest date for 
finding of the bud and flower as the “ middle of August,” for plants 
growing in the vicinity of Rutland, Vermont. 
No description need be given here other than the statement 
that the flower bud together with the undeveloped leaf or leaves 
lies (TEXT FIG. 2; PLATE 4, FIG. 56) on the morphological tip of 
the corm directly under the bases of the season’s leaves, and is 
surrounded by three or more close, sheathing, 
fleshy scales, the whole forming the terminal 
bud. In southern Indiana considerable 
variation is shown in the time of flower bud 
formation. Specimens collected during the 
last week of June frequently show flower 
clusters sufficiently developed for the recog- 
nition of individual anthers or ovules. Some 
specimens collected at this time show 
sporogenous tissue clearly differentiated. 
By the first week of August nearly all the 
plants except those having fruit clusters 
have withered and died. Examination of 
corms at this time shows most of the buds 
well developed. Many ovules show the 
primary archesporial cell and many anthers, n ee pica 
all stages up to well-formed pollen spores. Anami 14. Sa 
In marked contrast to the conditions just 
noted, a considerable number of corms examined in late summer 
show nothing but bud initials, neither leaves nor flower buds 
being evident. This is equally true of plants which have borne 
staminate and pistillate flowers during the current season. 
