296 THE CORRESPONDENCE OF SCHWEINITZ AND TORREY 
Maclure, William (1763-1840). Geologist; of Scottish birth, he early » 
became a partner in a commercial house in London, where he 
rapidly acquired a considerable fortune. From 1796 he made his 
home in the United States, although he spent much of his time in 
travel, both in America and in Europe. He was a member of the 
New Harmony community, 1825-27. From December, 1817, 
until his death, he was president of the Academy of Natural 
Sciences of Philadelphia; during that period he presented more 
than 5000 volumes, many of them very rare, to the Academy’s 
library, and his gifts in cash to the Academy during the same 
period exceeded $25,000. 
Madianna, Jean Baptiste Ricord-(1787-1827). Physician; of French 
birth, but came to America in his youth; graduated in medicine 
at Columbia College, New York, in 1817; practiced his profession 
chiefly in the West Indies, where he earned a wide reputation. 
He was particularly interested in medicinal and poisonous plants, 
and several of his published papers relate to them. 
Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von (1794-1868). Famous German E 
botanist and explorer; acting director of the royal botanic garden ! 
at Munich from 1816, and its director from 1835; author of numer- $ 
ous botanical works, including a magnificent one upon palms; ; 
founder of the “Flora brasiliensis” and its editor until his death. 
Michaux, André (1746-1802). French botanist; pupil of Bernard de 
Jussieu, and friend of Lamarck, Thouin, and Richard. From 
1782 to 1785 he was engaged in the botanical exploration of Persia; 
from 1785 to 1796 he was similarly employed in the eastern United | 
States and Canada; afterward he accompanied the French ex- 
ploring expedition of 1800-05 (see LeSueur, above) as far as 
Madagascar, where he died. His ‘‘Flora_boreali-americana,’ ’ ; 
edited anonymously by L. C. Richard, was published in 1803. } 
Michaux, François André (1770-1855). Son of the preceding; was | 
with his father in America from 1785 to 1790, and subsequently 
visited this country twice, 1801—03 and 1806-07; friend of nearly 
all of the few American botanists of that period, including Muhlen- 
berg, Barton, Hosack, Eddy, and LeConte; author of the “North Y 
American sylva” (in French, 1810-13; in English, 1817-19 and j 
later editions) and other works. s 
-. . k 
Mitchell, Elisha (1793-1857). Chemist and geologist; graduate of i 
Yale, 1813; clergyman and professor in the University of North 
Carolina from 1818 until his death nearly forty years later; through- 
