154 GUIDEBOOK OF THE WESTERN UNITED STATES. 
the glacier during the retreat of the ice from its farthest southward 
extension. Near milepost 24 can be seen on the west a slope of 
massive granite that has been laid bare by the ice and has been 
smoothed and rounded by the same agent. Such bosses of rounded 
rock have been called by the French ‘‘roches moutonnées’”’ (sheep- 
back rocks), and this term has now come into common use in this 
country. 
All the indications thus far observed point clearly to the occupation 
of this valley by the ice. The small lakes which abound in the district 
afford still further evidence of the presence of a 
Cocolalla. glacier and the consequent rearrangement of all the 
Elevation 2,228 feet. drainage lines. Cocolalla Lake occupies a depression 
St Paul 1150 mites, emmed in by hills of gravel that was deposited by 
the ice or by water flowing directly from the front of 
the glacier. South of Cocolalla the valley is more or less swampy 
(another indication of a recently established drainage system), and 
the granite lies on the west. Farther south the granite can be seen on 
the east side of the track, hence it probably underlies most of the 
valley; but, if so, it is well concealed in places by glacial drift. 
The village of Granite is appropriately named, for the granite is 
well exposed there. A short distance beyond the station the railway 
crosses a high bridge over what appears to be a deep, 
Granite. irregular channel scoured out by the ice, and the 
es a knobs of granite, scored and rounded, rise about it in 
St. Paul i4s8imites, ll directions. After passing through a small tunnel 
in this rock, the train emerges into an open drift- 
covered plain strewn with bowlders of granite broken from the ledges 
near the tunnel and carried southward by the ice. Many of these 
bowlders are 20 feet in diameter, and they occur along the track for a 
distance of 7 miles from the village of Granite. 
Although there are many lakes in this general region, they can not 
be seen from the train for the reason that they are near the margins of 
the hills, whereas the railway keeps the middle of the valley. From 
a point near Athol there appears to be an opening in the mountain 
wall which bounds the valley on the east. In this break lies the 
upper or south end of Pend Oreille Lake. The lake is easy of access 
from this direction and small steamboats will take one to almost any 
place along its shores. Spirit Lake lies on the west side of the valley, 
and a little farther south is Fish Lake. The largest lakes, Pend 
Oreille, Hayden, and Coeur d’ Alene, are on the east and south sides of 
the valley. All these bodies of water have resulted apparently from 
the damming of the lateral valleys by sand and gravel brought down 
by the glacier 
