LACTARIAE ОЕ THE UNITED STATES 9 
sues a winding course through the fundamental tissue. The cor- 
tical tissue is made up of the filamentous hyphae and bands of this 
tissue run through the interior of the sporophore among the groups 
of sphaerocysts. There are also oil-vessels which Fayod * regards 
as derived from the connective tissue in a manner similar to the 
origin of the laticiferous vessels іп the Рарауегасее. In the Zac- 
tartae there is a well-developed system of latex-vessels, and it is the 
presence of these that distinguishes the genus Lactaria from the 
closely related genus Russula. 
The latex-tubes are large thin-walled hyphae about 10-12 pin 
diameter running through the bundles of connective tissue and some- 
times approaching the groups of sphaerocysts but not coursing 
through this tissue. Іп the stem the tubes extend longitudinally 
and in the pileus they are for the most part parallel to the surface. 
They do not anastomose so as to form a network, but are connected 
now and then by short cross branches and in the trama they branch 
more freely. Fayod considers these latex-vessels to be modified 
sphaerocysts, since they sometimes end among the filamentous 
hyphae like sphaerocysts and since it is not uncommon to find 
these latter elongated and filled with granular colored protoplasm, 
as well as cylindrical with hyaline contents. He also regards the 
formation of the latex-vessels to be parallel with their-formation in 
the higher plants. 
According to Boudier} the latex is an emulsion of a resinous sub- 
stance in a liquid which contains albuminoids, and it is this resinous 
product which gives to the latex its characteristic taste. Errera 
states that the latex-tubes do not contain glycogen. The chem- 
istry of this milky fluid has not, however, been sufficiently worked 
out. Errera advances the hypothesis that the fundamental tissue 
is the place for the deposit of hydrocarbon material while the fila- 
mentous hyphae are the routes along which the proteid material 
returns to the developing organs. Fayod 5 has also observed that 
glycogen is formed in the sphaerocysts and that the material nec- 
* Cf. Godfrin, J. Homologie des hyphes vasculaires des agaricinés. Bull, Soc. 
Мус. Fr. 18: 147-150. 
udier, E. Des champignons au point de vue de leurs caractéres usuels chim- 
iques et toxicologiques, 78-82. 1866, 
{ Sur le glycogéne chez les Basidiomycétes 30, 31. 1585. 
$ Fayod, /ос. cit. 
