74 LACTARIAE OF THE UNITED STATES 
pileus were more decidedly viscid, its acrid milk would indicate its 
relationship with the .SuéZmac:ina. 
XIII. HELVAE 
Pileus dry, varying from velvety to flocculose, floccose-squam- 
ulose, or squamulose, at least at first, color bay-red to fulvous, 
fulvous-isabelline, and testaceous, flesh rather thin, and lax, 
except in one species; gills becoming darker with age, and pru- 
inose; latex white and unchanging, acrid, or watery and subacrid 
to mild 
Synopsis of species 
Pileus azonate. 
Latex white, very acrid. 
ileus red, umbonate, minutely flocculose at first, soon gla- 
brous. 44. L. rufa. 
Pileus red, not umbonate. 47. Г. rufula. 
Latex white, acrid ; pileus fulvous to isabelline, squamulose. 46. L. alpina. 
Latex watery, mild or subacrid, rarely white; pileus testaceous, 
fading to isabelline, floccose-squamulose. 43. L. helva. 
Pileus zonate. 
Latex white, acrid ; pileus brick-red to reddish-terra-cotta, velvety. 
45. L. Peckü. 
43. LACTARIA HELVA (Fr.) Fr. Ерісг. 347. 1838. [As Lactarius.] 
— Schrot. in Cohn, Krypt.-Fl. Schles. 3: 539. 1889 
Agaricus helvus Fr. Syst. Myc. 1: 72. 1821. 
Lactarius aguiffuus Peck, Кер. №. Y. St. Миз. 28: 50. 1877. 
Lactarius aquifluus brevissimus Peck, Rep. М. Y. St. Mus. 5I: 
298. 1897. 
Pileus fleshy, fragile, convex, then plane to depressed, subum- 
bonate, testaceous to isabelline, expallent, azonate, dry, the whole. 
surface broken up into floccose-granulose squamules, sometimes 
rivulose, 5-15 cm. broad, margin involute at first, then spreading ; 
gills white, then tinted with incarnate, finally yellow, often forking, 
close, decurrent, 2-3 mm. broad ; stem pale-testaceous, equal, pru- 
inose, pubescent at the base, stuffed, then hollow, 5-8 cm. long, ! 
cm. or more thick; spores globose, echinulate, hyaline, 6-7 #3 
flesh of the same color as the pileus but paler, odor faint, sweet 
persistent in drying; latex white, scanty, subacrid, more often 
watery and mild or subacrid. Ж г. 
Нав.: In mossy rather wet woods or marshes. “Іп pines, 
frequently degenerate in swampy places ” (Fries). 
Пізтків.: New York, Peck (Г. aquifluus); Massachusetts, | 
Morris; Connecticut, Hanmer 1469; Pennsylvania, Herbst; 1e- 
