бысы уы; 
OBSERVATIONS ON THE CALIFORNIA VINE DISEASE 135 
and imperfectly developed; bast fibers absent more or less over 
extended spots. 
Immature spot.—Any part of the cane (perfect or imperfect) 
in which the cortical tissues, from epidermis to endodermis, still 
preserve all the characters of live tissue. 
With these definitions in mind, the reader will be better able 
to appreciate the extent of the morphological changes that occur, 
and I do not pretend to cite them all, in diseased canes. 
Immature spot—(a) No suber is laid down in the immature 
spot; it stops on one side beneath the pericycle, then jumps above . 
it and runs out to the epidermis. Тһе phloem, at this point, con- 
tains but one bast fiber bundle; the second phloem (immature 
spot), contains but an imperfectly developed one, and the third 
(one half the normal size), none. Where the immature spot 
begins on the other side we have the following state of things: 
the suber ends beneath the pericycle, but has attempted to push 
through one end; there is then a break and an attempt to form 
suber above the next pericycle. The phloem beneath the peri- 
cycle under which the suber stops contains two rows of bast 
fiber bundles, but five phloems further on they have completely 
disappeared, and the bast itself is about one half its normal size. 
(PLATE 5, FIGURE 1.) 
(b) The suber stops, as a definite layer, at the edge of the 
pericycle, but may continue for a while as a feeble thread. We 
find the following striking anomaly in some cases: the suber, upon 
arriving at the immature spot, jumps above the pericycle, and the 
cortical parenchyma, for a certain distance, intermittently even, 
divides in an attempt at suberization. The cell walls of the 
phloem are generally discolored, in some cases markedly so, espe- 
cially where abnormal suberization of cortical parenchyma has 
occurred. Bast fibers are present; three or more bundles may be 
observed in each phloem, generally two, sometimes only one. 
The bast fiber bundles are always imperfectly developed, m 
When three in number. The following condition is sometimes 
met with: one phloem will contain three bundles of bast fibers, 
the next none and the next two, or the conditions shown in 
PLATE 5, FIGURE 3 may be observed. 
(c) The suber is always produced. Then 
ormal number of bast 
