94 Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. (February, 1913. 
Zotts or Jats in Turkey who are also known as Tchinjane we 
may take to be the same as the Zingani, Zingari or Zigeuner 
and are identical with the Persian Liris who in Palestine are 
called Zatts or Nawari or Nauri or Nuri. From here the 
gypsiologist will trace the migration to Western Asia and South- 
ast Europe, and we finally have definite proof of the location 
of Gypsies in Europe for the first time in Hungary in 1417." 
From this date we hear authoritatively of the Zigeuner or 
Zingaro or Gypsy race spreading all over Europe into Rou- 
mania, Wallachia, Roumelia, Bulgaria and Transylvania and 
all speaking a veritable Gypsy language. 
‘‘ They are all so alike,’’ says Borrow, speaking of various 
European Gypsy dialects, ‘‘ that he who speaks one of them can 
make himself very well understood by those who speak any of 
the rest.”’ : 
Although I do not accept the linguistic test as by any 
means an infallible test of pedigree, it is no mere assumption 
to ascribe the obviously Oriental, if not actually Indian, origin 
of European Romnichal to the Liri migration mentioned by 
Firdausi. 
Ido not pretend that the comparative list of words I have 
here collated is any more than a revision of similar vocabu- 
laries which are familiar to anyone interested in Gypsy lore, 
but Ihave, I believe, identified a certain number of words which 
common to Romnichal and the Argot of the Kanjars alone 
and to no other languages or dialect that I know. 
Romnichal. Kanjar. 
Malla, Myla, an ass. Mail, a horse. 
Jookal, Jukel. a dog. Shukal, a dog. 
Lubni or Loobni or Luvni, Loobhar or Lubhar, a woman. 
a wench, 
! See ‘‘Contribution to the History of the Gypsies’ by M. J. De 
Goeje—in MacRitchie’s ‘‘ Gpysies of India.’’ 
. 
