Vol. IX, No. 10.] The Limestone Caves of Burma, 393 
[N.S.] 
manure, which, both in Burma and in Siamese territory, is 
collected annually in many of them. The subject, so far as 
Burma is concerned, is discussed by Mr. I. H. Burkill in a 
pamphlet issued as No. 1 in the Agricultural Ledger (Calcutta), 
for 1911. 
The earliest description of any of the caves appears to be 
that given by Capt. W. Foley in his ‘‘ Notes on the Geology, 
etc. of the Country in the Neighbourhood of Maulamyeng 
(vulg. Moulmein)’’ published in the Journal of this Society 
for 1836 (Vol. V, pp. 269-281, pl. VII). He mentions as the 
principal caverns of the district those at Yétséy, Tyokhla, 
Joe-ka-beng, Damatha, Nyown-beng-zeite, Phabia, and describes 
the Buddha-cave at Dhammathat (or Damatha) and also a small 
cave a little further to the south near the summit of the hill 
name of Khayon or ‘‘ Farm Caves.’ 
Another cave near Moulmein which Capt. Foley mentions 
is situated at Phabowng Thowng, a limestone hill on the banks 
of the Atbaran; this cave has a stream running through it. 
of different localities; but he did not describe the caves 
Theobald, another member of the Geological Survey of India, 
mentions them in his ‘‘Geolozgy of Pegu’’ (Mems. Geo. Surv. 
Ind., X [2], p. 139) but does not add greatly to our knowledge 
i lat es Sy ee ea Soild 
1 It is probable that these are still in the Society’s possession, but 
our Burmese MSS. have not yet been adequately catalogued. 
N i ns 
the Ataran River. ‘There is a ferry there on the road from Moulmein to 
the caves, and it is the only village on the journey. 
