Vol. XI, oye 10 & 11.] The Fauna of the Jordan System. 453 
[N.8.] ‘ 
among the Tipulids is an essentially Oriental species, but 
as 
apparently replaces it. Uranotaenia is a Palaeotropical genus, 
t the Tiberiad species is well distinguished from either 
Oriental or Ethiopian forms. Culex modestus is eastern Euro- 
an, C. laticinctus essentially Mediterranean and C, pipiens 
Palaearctic. 
Several of the Hemiptera are probably of Egyptian, if not 
Ethiopian origin, viz. Limnogonus aegyptiacus, Naboandelus 
bergevini, Plea letourneuat and Micronecta isis, while Rhagovelia 
nigricans is a widely distributed Palaeotropical species not 
known in the Palaearctic Region except in Syria, Palestine 
and Egypt. 
I have said nothing of the water-beetles. My own collec- 
var. leucaspis, Kiesw., L. gracilis, Mots., L. syriacus, Guilleb. 
The first of these identifications he regards as a little doubtful; 
) 
Considered as a whole, therefore, the insect fauna of the 
Lake of Tiberias, so far as it is known to me, appears to 
consist of several distinct elements, namely an eastern Euro- 
Ethiopian. It must be remembered, however, in considering 
this last element that the insects are not strictly comparable to 
Mollusca. 
The Mollusca afford peculiarly valuable evidence in the 
study of the distribution of any local fauna, in that they have 
a8 arule received more attention from naturali-ts than any 
