46 NORTH AMERICAN SORDARIACEAE 
Hypocopra fimeti Fuckel, Symbol. Mycol. 240. 1869.* 
Hypocopra fimicola (Rob.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 1: 240. 1882. 
Sphaeria equina Fuckel, Fung. Rhen. no. 7۴ 
Sordaria lowana Ell. & Holw. Jour. Mycol. 4: 65. 1888. 
Sordaria ostiolata E, & E. Bull. Torr. Club, 24: 458. 1897; 
Saccardo, Syll. Fung. 14: 492. 1899. 
Hypocopra Jowana (Ell. & Holw.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 9: 490. 
1891. 
Perithecia scattered or aggregated into a layer which forms a 
complete covering for the substratum, usually sunken at first and 
erumpent later, but they may be superficial from the first, 240— 
300 # x 325—525 p, thin, membranaceous, with cellular struc- 
ture usually plainly visible, hyaline when young, ranging through 
greenish to dark brown or black, pyriform with papilliform or 
slightly elongated, black beak which may be smooth or slightly 
roughened with minute papillae. 
Asci 8-spored, cylindrical, broadly rounded to truncate, 
perforate at the apex and tapering below into a short blunt stipitate 
base, 16-19 p x 140-160 p, rather persistent: paraphyses ven- 
tricose, agglutinated, longer than the asci. 
Spores obliquely uniseriate, ellipsoid, rounded at the ends, 
but evidently more acutely so below, 11-13 # X 16-23 p: germ 
pore apical, circular and situated in the lower more acutely rounded 
end of the spore: hyaline covering not surrounding the entire 
spore but having its edges attached around the germ pore, which 
it does not inclose on stretching. (Pl. 5, f. 19-21, and Pl. 4, f. 
8-10. 
Distinctive characters: Dark pyriform smooth perithecia and 
ellipsoid spores. 
Dry specimens : On horse, rabbit and cow dung, Ontario, Can- 
ada (Dearness); North American Fungi, nos. 2550 and 2749; 
on Carex vulpina, Oberlin, Ohio, March, 1894 (Jones); paper 
under bread culture in laboratory, Ann Arbor, Mich., March, 1894 
(Johnson); horse, cow and rabbit dung, Rooks Co., Kan. (Bar- 
tholomew) ; horse dung, Decorah, Ia., May, 1886 (Holway). 
Cultivated specimens: On horse, cow, goat, and rabbit dung 
in vicinity of New York City, and Ft. Lee, N. J., summer, 1899; 
* Rehm in Rabenh. Krypt.-Flora gives Æ. stercoris Fuckel, Symbol. Mycol. 241 
as a synonym of this also, but in Winter’s own copy of this work he has written in the 
margin opposite this species macrospora. From the measurements and description given 
by Fuckel it would seem that Winter is correct. 
