60 NORTH AMERICAN SORDARIACEAE 
Podospora penicillata (E. & E.) E. & E. N. Am. Duren 131. 
1892. 
Podospora anserina (Rabenh.) Rehm; Rabenhorst Kryptoga- 
men-Flora, 17: 173. 1887. 
Perithecia usually half sunken but often entirely superficial, 
scattered uniformly or aggregated in clusters of 2 to 0 
350 4 x 400-500 ہم‎ pyriform, black above and greenish below, 
thin and membranaceous but not transparent; beak papillifom 
or slightly cylindrical, usually curved and bearing several tufts of 
long dark brown very sparingly septate hairs on the convex surface. 
Asci 4-spored, cylindrical, slightly contracted and rounded 
above, and contracted below into a long slender crooked stipe, 
quite persistent, 17-22 4 x 200-400 p: paraphyses filiform or 
slightly ventricose below, decreasing in diameter upward, 1 74-2 
times the length of the ascus. 
Spores uniseriate, elliptical, ranging from hyaline when young 
through olivaceous to dark brown and opaque, 18-20 مم‎ x 34-42 p^, 
terminated below by a short hyaline primary appendage 1-1 14 
times the length of spore, this as well as the apex of the spore is 
terminated by a long lash-like gelatinous appendage of variable 
length, which by proper illumination can be resolved into two 
closely united a which gradually merge into one another 
distally. (FZ. 5, f. 4-6.) 
Distinctive 0 Dorsal tufts of long hairs and 4-spored 
ascus. 
Dried specimens: On old pasteboard, Newfield, N. J., Aug. 
1894 (Ellis); Chinese mats, St. Martinville, La., July, 1888 
(Langlois); sheep dung, Lafayette, Ind., Feb. 1896 (Arthur). 
Cultivated specimens: On cow and horse dung, Englewood, N. 
J., Sept. 1899; cow dung, Ft. Lee, N. J, July, 1899; horse dung, ` 
New York City, Aug. 1899; cow and horse dung, Aberdeen, S. 
D., Sept. 1899 (Towne); horse dung, Highmore, S. D., July, 
1899 (Carter); cow dung, Doland, 5. D., July, 1899 (Carter); 
horse, cow and sheep dung, Brookings, S. D., Nov. 1899 (Carter) ; 
rabbit dung, Mesilla Park, N. M., Jan. 1900 (Wooton); rabbit, 
dog, sheep and cow dung, Tucson, Ariz., Jan. 1900 (Tyler); 
horse dung, Emma, Mo., Sept. 1899 (Demetrio) ; cow dung, De 
Soto, La., Aug. 1899 (Frierson) ; cow dung, London, Canada, 
Aug. 1899 (Dearness); cow dung, Newfield, N. J., Aug. 1899 
(Ellis) ; dog, horse, and cow dung, Austin, Tex., Jan. 1900 (Long); 
horse dung, Gunnison, Colo., Aug. 1899 (Bartholomew); horse 
