74 NORTH AMERICAN SORDARIACEAE 
Spores uniseriate, irregular and variable in outline, generally 
ellipsoid to oval, 6-11 بر‎ x 17-21 ,م‎ ranging from hyaline when 
young through olivaceous to dark brown and opaque; primary 
appendages very long, curved and overlapping the spore below, 
this as well as apex of the spore tipped with rather short gelatinous 
lash-like secondary appendages. (PL 5. f. 14-20.) 
Distinctive characters: Long cylindrical asci, long cylindrical 
curved appendages of spores, and the hairy perithecia. 
Cultivated specimens: On cow dung, New York City, Aug. 
1899; cow dung, Englewood, N. J., Sept. 1899. 
The species appears to be very rare even in the vicinity of ` 
New York City, as only small quantities of it were obtained in 
either of the above cultures. Although the spores are described as 
uniseriate one is very liable to consider them loosely biseriate 
on account of the arrangement of the exceedingly long primary 
appendages. These curve alternately in opposite directions, whence 
each one overlaps the spore below. In this arrangement a slight 
disturbance causes the alternate spores to separate out loosely 
into two series. It is often difficult here as in P. coprophila to find 
asci with mature spores. In all of the perithecia studied not more 
than three asci with brown spores were found in any of them. 
The hairiness of the perithecia disappears with age, when they look 
much like old perithecia of P. coprophila. But they may be dis- 
tinguished even in this stage by being less coriaceous and lighter 
in color. The spores as stated above are exceedingly variable. 
Often the septum which separates the fertile cell from the primary 
appendage is moved downward in such a way as to form a spore 
which has an ovate outline with a short black stalk. Again the 
apex of the spore may be prolonged slightly as shown in some of 
the figures. These variations appear to be due to a lack of uni- 
formity in the enlargement of the apex of the original cylindrical 
spore together with a similar irregularity in the position at which 
the septum is formed after the protoplasmic contents move to the 
upper part of the spore. 
15. PLEURAGE ZvGOsPORA (Speg.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Plant. 3°: 
505. 1898 
Sordaria zygospora Speg. Michelia, 1: 227. 1878. 
Philocopra zygospora (Speg.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 1: 251. 1882. 
Perithecia scattered, sunken or nearly superficial, when they 
