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PLEURAGE 15 
are more or less covered with a dense or arachnoid fuscous my- 
celium, about 500 x 7504, thin, membranaceous, somewhat trans- 
parent, greenish below and black above, pyriform with a more or 
less elongated cylindrical black bare and curved beak. 
Asci primarily 8-spored, cylindrical to clavate, broadly rounded 
above and contracted below into a long slender crooked stipe, 
very evanescent, 42-54 U x 250-320 ۸: paraphyses ventricose, 
tapering upward, septate, agglutinated, longer than the asci and 
not mixed with them 
Spores consisting of an ellipsoid to ovate fertile cell rounded 
at both ends, but usually more acutely so distally, at each end of 
a long spirally arranged hyaline fugacious filament which cor- 
responds to the primary appendages in the other species ; terminal 
fertile cells 13-19 عام‎ 24-40 4; secondary appendages consisting of 
usually 4 rather short tapering hyaline gelatinous widespread pro- 
cesses attached to the distal ends of the fertile cells. (Z. 9. f. 7-4.) 
Distinctive character: Spore consisting of a fertile cell at each 
end of a long twisted filament. 
Cultivated specimens : On cow, horse, and goat dung, Ft. Lee, 
., summer, 1899; sheep dung, Meridian, N. Y., Aug. 1899 
(Banker); cow dung, Baldwinsville, N. Y., Aug. 1899 (Banker) ; 
Aberdeen, S. D., Sept. 1899 (Clowney horse dung, 
Doland, S. D., July 1899 (Carter); cow and horse dung, 72 
S. D., July 1899 (Carter); cow dung, Redfield, S. D., July 1899 
(Carter); cow dung, Highmore, S. D., Sept. 1899 (Carter) ; cow, 
horse, and pig dung, Brookings, S. D., Nov. 1899 (Carter); 
horse and cow dung, Austin, Texas, Jan. 1900 (Long); cow and 
horse dung, Rooks Co., Kan., July 1899 (Bartholomew) ; horse 
dung, London, Ontario, Aug. 1899 (Dearness); cow dung, 
Emma, Mo., Aug. r899 (Demetrio); horse and pig dung, 
De Soto, La., July 1899 (Frierson). 
This is one of the most peculiar, interesting and variable species 
in the whole group. Occasionally fertile cells have been found 
which were very narrow and oval in outline. The Texas speci- 
mens were especially variable. Several perithecia were found in 
which the entire filament joining the fertile cell had been trans- 
formed into a brown solid structure resembling that of the spore 
proper. Occasionally secondary appendages may be found at both 
ends of the fertile cells, but this appears to be an exception ; the 
ones at the proximal end always being less distinct and more 
fugacious. 
