34 Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. (February, 1909. 
India, but as we have seen, occurs on these shrubs in Arabia, 
Persia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan and Central Asia. 
Ider references to the species of tamarisk that yield 
a saccharine deposit are doubtless in need of revision, but more 
recent explorations by botanists and travellers have enabled us 
to more exactly determine the plants. Dr. J. E. T. Aitchison ' 
has described specimens from West Afghanistan, and Mr. R. 
Hughes Buller, C.I.E.,? in preparing the Gazetteer of Baluchis- 
tan, has done much in collaboration with the Reporter on 
Economic Products in collecting useful plants and obtaining 
their identifications. The following species are known to affor 
na. 
Tamarix gallica, Linn., var. mannifera, Ehrenb.,—Gavan ; is 
found in Khonsar, south-west of Ispahan, in Persia, and in the 
range of mountains through Kurdistan dividing Persiafrom Asia 
Minor and Mesopotamia where the sugar is called manna by the 
Armenians, and said to be exported in quantities through 
Erzeroum to Constantinople (Capt. Frederick). Dr. Aitchison 
says of this plant growing in the Padghis: ‘‘ This was pointed 
out to me by a native of Kerman in Persia as being the 
tamarisk that yielded manna in that district ; and there called 
gaz-shakar. ‘Themannais called shakar, gaz-angabin or gaz-anja- 
bin, and is said only. to be collected in south-eastern Persia, 
where it is obtained in large quantities and exported in all 
directions.” 
c 
shrub sometimes occurring as a good-sized tree, with the 
young bark very red. This occurs in the plains throughout 
northern Baluchistan, in many places forming thickets. It 
is called kirrt and gaz-surkh. This bush, and. 7’. tetragyna, 
Ehrenb., are said to yield a saline (?) incrustation which has not 
been examined. 
