Vol. V, No. 5.] Bengali Temples and their Characteristics. 145 
[NV.S.] 
4. Duplicated. 
h 
of the main hut-roofed temple, with one, three or five spires. 
Though begun later, this type has now superseded all the other 
varieties. It includes several famous temples, but is architec- 
turally less interesting, having few carvings, and these chiefly 
in lime and plaster e like Brndabancandra are painted, 
having been evidently touched up in recent times. The famous 
temple of Kalighat, Calcutta, without any inscription, was built 
according to tradition 300 years ago; it had become already 
famous in the sixties of eighteenth century when Raja Naba- 
kissen of Calcutta spent a lakh of rupees in a visit to the 
and the Saiva temple of Uttarpara, Hugli. Curiously enough, 
since the beginning of the nineteenth century no large temple 
“cece of this variety or of any other variety has been built in 
engal. 
In the duplicated variety further progress took place not in 
& Téemole-Groups the multiplication of structures above 
ee st 108, fs roof, but of the temples themselves. 
Th . 
(hence called dvadasa-mandira), or to one hundred and eight, 
exclusive of a main temple, both the numbers being held sacred. 
This increase apparently so much exhausted the funds, that the 
individual temples had to be left plain and small. Groups of 
duplicated temples exist in Baxa, Isanesvara (12), said to be of 
nearly the same age as the neighbouring Raghunath 1781 (1187 
B. S., A.D.), and in Bardwan District, Nawab-hat liiga (108 +1), 
1788 A.D., grouped on the four sides of a mango garden, and 
ann LR 
1 Ward, Hindoos, vol. i, pp. 160-1. Fora distant photo of the top 
of Kalighat temple, see J. C. Oman’s Brahmans, Theists and Muslims, 
» p. 6. 2 See figure 8 
